Biomolecules
Includes proteins, lipids, carbohydrates, and nucleic acids.
biomolecule
Electrons in the outermost electron shell surrounding an atom that can participate in bonds.
Valence electrons
A process in which individuals with certain traits are more likely to survive and reproduce than are individuals who do not have those traits.
Natural Selection
Consists of a hydrogen atom bonded to an oxygen atom.
Hydroxyl group
A substance that cannot be broken down to other substances by ordinary chemical means.
Element
This Can increase your cholesterol and contribute to plaque formation, or buildup, in blood vessels.
saturated fats
A weak bond characterized by a partially positive hydrogen on one molecule and a partially negative atom.
Hydrogen bond
The idea that living species are descendants of ancestral species that were different from present-day ones.
Evolution
It has a nitrogen bonded to two hydrogens and can act as a base by picking up an H+ from a solution and becoming ionized.
Amino group
A chemical bond resulting from the attraction between oppositely charged ions.
Ionic bond
This is used by plants to store energy by linking together sugar monomers (glucose) into long chains.
Starch
An atom's tendency to pull electrons toward itself.
Electronegativity
The chronicle of evolution over millions of years of geologic time engraved in the order in which fossils appear in rock strata.
Fossil record
Consists of a carbon double-bonded to an oxygen atom and also bonded to a hydroxyl group.
Carboxyl group
A type of strong chemical bond in which two atoms share one or more pairs of valence electrons.
Covalent bond
Molecules that have the same molecular formula but different structures.
Structural Isomers
A separation of charge leading to a molecule having a dipole with a negatively charged end and a positively charged end.
Polarity
The selective breeding of domesticated plants and animals to promote the occurrence of desirable traits in the offspring
Artificial Selection
Consists of a carbon bonded to three hydrogen atoms.
Methyl group
A solution in which water is the solvent
Aqueous solution
Involves the breaking of many of the weak linkages within a protein that are responsible for the highly ordered structure of the protein in its natural state.
Denaturation
These groups are made up of polar covalent bonds and contain full or partial charges, making them appear to be "water-loving."
Hydrophilic functional groups
Remnants of features that served important functions in the organism’s ancestors.
Vestigial Structure
Consists of a phosphorus atom bonded to four oxygen atoms.
Phosphate group
Process by which the pH of the ocean is lowered when excess atmospheric CO2 dissolves in seawater
Ocean acidification