amoeba sisters H2O
(fill in the blank) polar molecules have a _____ sharing of electrons
slightly unequal
what is the difference between organic and inorganic molecules
organic contains: carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen (example: C6H12O6)
Inorganic: do not contain all these elements at the same time (example: H2O)
what are carbohydrates?
complex carbs provide vitamins, minerals, and fiber complex carbs are in foods like pasta, legumes, starchy vegetables etc... they give us almost instant energy
monosaccharides, means what?
one sugar
what formula do all dissaccharides have?
C12H22O11
(fill in the blanks) water has one very _______ oxygen. this gives the oxygen a slightly ________ charge, and the hydrogen a slightly _______ charge.
1.electronegative
2.negative
3.positive
what is the key element that all life on earth is built upon, and why?
carbon/ because it can bond with itself and other things very well and form many types of bonds (singe, double and triple rings) (benzine)
what is the difference between simple and complex carbs?
complex have more protein and fiber.
( fill in the blanks)the more sugar in a sugar structure the more ______ it is
complex
what is an example of a disaccharide?
glucose+fructose=sucrose
what i the name of this kind of bond that gives water its special properties?
hydrogen
what do salts help do?
maintain water balance, Eg.Gatorade- electrolytes
carbs contain which three elements?
carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen
all sugars have the same formula what is that formula? and what ring structure do they all have?
C6H12O6/ single
what does polysaccharides mean?
many sugars
what allows water molecules to stick to other things and which allows water molecules to stick to each other? as well as the property that allows water to resist external forces.
sticking to other things is adhesion, ad to each other is cohesion, resisting external forces is tension
what are the four organic molecules?
1. carbohydrates
2. lipids
3.proteins
4. nucleic acids
in all carbs what is at what ratio with what
hydrogen 2 to 1 ratio with oxygen
what are 2 examples of a monosaccharide?
glucose and fructose
give three examples of polysaccharides and their functions
glycogen: animal starch stored in liver and muscles
cellulose: forms cell walls in plants and is indigestible by humans
starch: used as an energy source
(fill in the blank) water being polar, it is a powerful ______ for other molecules
solvent
what we use to measure acids and bases as well as their functions
ph. scale/ important for enzyme function
most carbs end in what suffix?
...ose eg. glucose, fructose
what does disaccharides mean?
two sugars
how are complex carbohydrates (pollysaccharides) formed?
condensation (dehydration) synthesis: combining simple molecules to form a more complex one, with the removal of water to leave space for them to bond