Proteins
What is the name of the bond that links amino acids together in protein primary structure?
Peptide bond
Oil and water don't mix because water has polar bonds while oils have nonpolar bonds.
True
What is one of the primary functions of carbohydrates?
Energy Storage
In what way does RNA differ from DNA?
The sugar components are different
Name the four important roles of carbohydrates.
They act as an energy source, help control blood glucose and insulin metabolism, participate in cholesterol and triglyceride metabolism, and help with fermentation.
How do enzymes speed up reactions?
By lowering the activation energy required to begin the reaction
What lipid is responsible for the storing of energy in the body?
Triacylglycerols
What is the main source of carbohydrates used in the human body for energy?
Glucose
What is true regarding the double helix of DNA.
The nitrogenous bases are perpendicular to the axis
What is the most common monosaccharide?
Glucose
Proteins have many functions. Which of the following can be functions of proteins?
I. Enzymes
II. Transcriptional regulators
III. Structural proteins
IV. Hormones
I, II, III, and IV
Given the same weight of each, from which macromolecule can the most heat be generated in a combustion reaction?
Saturated Fat
What is not a basic biological building block?
Enzyme
Of the following groups of nitrogenous bases, which does not contain a purine?
Cytosine, thymine, uracil
How are lipids defined?
Lipids are fatty, waxy, or oily compounds that are soluble in organic solvents and insoluble in polar solvents such as water.
Enzymes come in many shapes and sizes and serve various functions. Which of the following are characteristics of enzymes?
I. Allow non-spontaneous reactions to occur
II. Bring substrates together in the proper orientation for catalysis
III. Reduce the activation energy of the reaction
IV. Reduce the free energy change of reaction
II and III
Water often acts as a reactant or solvent in biological reactions. Which of the following cellular components would not be sufficiently solvated in the body?
Lipids
What is a polymer composed of sugar monomers?
Carbohydrates
In which of the following ways does RNA differ from DNA?
The sugar components are different
What are the names of the four polysaccharides
Glycogen, Cellulose, Starch, Inulin
What are 2 examples of protein
Beef and Chicken
What is 2 examples of lipids
Fats and Oils
What are 2 examples of Carbohydrates.
Bread and Pasta
What are 2 examples of Nucleic Acids
DNA and RNA
What is the name of the reaction when you split a disaccharide?
Hydrolysis reaction