HIV Replication
A cell HIV infects.
What is a T cell or macrophage?
Host, agent, environment.
What is the epidemiological triangle?
HIV contains this genetic material - and is why it mutates so often.
What is RNA?
The number of T cells that defines AIDS.
What are 200 cells/mm3?
The year that is considered the start of the AIDS epidemic in America.
The enzyme that aids in integrating HIV DNA into the human chromosome.
What is integrase?
The geographic origin of HIV.
What is the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC, present day) OR what is Africa?
HIV evolved from this retrovirus.
What is SIV?
First stage of HIV infection.
What is acute infection?
The year that HIV was discovered/isolated.
What is 1983?
This enzyme aids in the creation of HIV DNA from an HIV RNA template.
What is reverse transcriptase?
HIV moved out of Africa into (at least) this country on its way to the U.S.
What is Haiti?
The additional layer of HIV outside the capsid.
What is the envelope?
T cells and HIV are in a constant back and forth battle.
What is the asymptomatic period or clinical latency?
A stigmatizing name given to the groups/communities of people who were exhibiting symptoms of AIDS.
HIV uses these "keys" (or spike proteins) to unlock and enter specific white blood cells.
What are gp120 and gp41?
The set of steps that links a pathogen to a particular disease.
What are Koch's Postulates?
What you'd find inside an HIV capsid.
What are RNA and enzymes (reverse transcriptase and integrase)?
The incubation period of HIV infection without treatment intervention.
What is ~10 years?
The lead researchers of the two labs that discovered HIV (and what country the labs were found in).
Who are Mongtagnier (France) and Gallo (U.S.)?
The "locks" or cell membrane proteins on white blood cells that HIV must engage with to attach and complete fusion.
What are CD4 and CCR5?
The time in which populations were dense enough to support epidemics.
What is the agrarian period or ~10,000 years ago?
From where HIV obtains its envelope.
What is the cell/plasma membrane of the cell it infected?
The term for when the blood is "changing" from HIV negative to HIV positive during acute infection.
What is seroconversion?
The first published report of AIDS (MMWR, June 1981) discussed 5 cases of this opportunistic infection in gay men.
What is PCP?