Drugs and Sleep
Which of the following characteristics is generally associated with the use of hallucinogens?
a. the experience of vivid, distorted images that are not based on sensory input.
b. Decreased paion sensation and decreased anxiety
c. slower bodily functions
d. the experience of brief euphoria followed by a depressive state
a. the experience of vivid, distorted images that are not based on sensory input.
Rudy has chronic trouble staying awake in class. What part of the brain is most likely responsible for Rudy's drowsiness?
a. Thalamus
b. Hippocampus
c. Medulla oblongata
d. Reticular formation
d. Reticular formation
A person with damage to Broca's area would most likely demonstrate which of the following symptoms?
a. Forgetfulness
b. Hearing difficulties
c. Difficulty controlling balance and coordination
d. Difficulty with speech production
d. Difficulty with speech production
Activation of the parasympathetic nervous system results in which of the following?
a. An increase in pupil dilation
b. An increase in respiratory rate
c. A decrease in digestion
d. A decrease in heart rate
d. A decrease in heart rate
Johanna, a high school senior, starts experiencing disruptions in her movement when she cannot contract certain muscles. Which of the following neurotransmitters is most likely involved in this disruption of the muscle contraction?
a. Acetycholine
b. GABA
c. Serotonin
d. Endorphins
a. Acetycholine
A common psychological effect of alcohol intake is
a. reduced inhibition
b. anxiety
c. psychosis
d. heightened creativity
a. reduced inhibition
A team of investigators discovered that taxi drivers who had memorized all the streets in their city had a larger hippocampus than bus drivers who did not have the streets memorized. This type of difference between these two groups most likely reflects:
a. split-brain phenomenon
b. parasympathetic nervous system activation
c. the Flynn effect
d. brain plasticity
d. brain plasticity
A research team lesioned the lateral hypothalamus of a rat and then monitored the rat's activity when it recovered from the surgery. Their hypothesis is likely to be that the rat would do which of the following?
a. Experience impaired short-term memory in learning a maze.
b. Form extreme fear responses to a nonthreatening stimuli.
c. Show reduced eating behavior.
d. Display increased sociability toward other rats.
c. Show reduced eating behavior.
The division of the nervous system that most directly allows voluntary muscle movement is the
a. midbrain
b. sympathetic
c. parasympathetic
d. somatic
d. somatic
Holly was injured in a car accident. Her doctor prescribed a medication that increases the action of endorphins to decrease pain. Which of the following statements best describes this medication?
a. It functions as an agonist.
b. It produces aphasia.
c. It accelerates sensory interaction.
d. It acts as an antagonist.
a. It functions as an agonist.
Jeff lives in the U.S., and he recently flew to Spain. Even after sleeping for several hours on the flight, he still felt lethargic for a few days. If Jeff has not caught an illness, which of the following is the most likely explanation for his physical response?
a. His circadian rhythm has been disrupted.
b. His stages of sleep are our of order.
c. His delta waves have lost significant amplitude.
d. He is experiencing REM rebound.
a. His circadian rhythm has been disrupted.
Damage to Wernicke's area is most likely to be associated with difficulty in
a. hearing
b. seeing
c. understanding language
d. moving arms and legs
c. understanding language
Researchers at a local veterans hospital wanted to explore the impact of traumatic brain injuries on veterans' ability to sleep. which technique to study the brain would the researchers use if they wanted to see the brain activity in a particular area of the brain as the veterans were sleeping?
fMRI
Anna's severe migraine headaches have led her to seek medical help. It is likely that her symptoms are most clearly linked with an oversupply of which neurotransmitter?
glutamate
Curare blocks action at acetylcholine synapses and causes paralysis. This drug is an example of an
a. agonist
b. antagonist
c. inhibitory postsynaptic potential (IPSP)
d. excitatory postsynaptic potential (EPSP)
b. antagonist
During the night, Alicia stops breathing repeatedly, frequently gasps for air, and snores loudly at regular intervals. Alicia is most likely suffering from which condition?
Sleep Apnea
A person with a severe head injury subsequently acts irresponsibly, does not seem to be able to plan effectively, and is easy to anger. Which brain areas is most likely injured?
PFC/Frontal Lobe
During open-brain surgery, Annika's left ankle twitched whenever the surgeon electrically stimulated a specific area within Annika's ______________
right motor cortex or right frontal lobe
Sleep deprivation increases levels of the hunger-arousing hormone ___________ and decreases levels of the hunger suppressing hormone ____________.
Ghrelin; leptin
The drugs that block the reabsorption of neurotransmitters in the synapse during neural transmission are best identified as this?
reuptake inhibitors
What are the definitions and explanations of Tolerance, Addiction and Withdrawal
Answers will vary
Explain the process of the fight or flight response using the interaction of specific brain regions, and both the central and peripheral nervous system.
HPA Axis, hormones, pupils, heart etc.
List and explain the functions of all of the parts of the limbic system:
Hypothalamus, Hippocampus, Amygdala, Pituitary gland, thalamus
Let's goooooooo
Would the patient be able to identify what she saw by pointing to an apple with her right hand?
No
Which neurotransmitter is primarily associated with wanting something?
dopamine