Cell Theory & Cell Parts
theory states that all living things are made of cells and cells come from pre-existing cells
Cell Theory
organelle performs cellular respiration, powerhouse
Mitochondria
known as the “father of genetics”
Gregor Mendel
What does DNA stand for
Deoxyribonucleic Acid
call reproductive cells with 23 chromosomes
Gametes
jelly-like material surrounds organelles inside the cell
Cytosol
process requires oxygen, respiration
Aerobic
physical trait that is expressed when a dominant allele is present
Phenotype
base pairs with Adenine in RNA
Uracil
Mitosis makes
identical daughter cells
cell structure makes proteins
Ribosomes
process makes lactic acid in muscles
Fermentation
two identical alleles for a trait
Homozygous
type of RNA carries amino acids to the ribosome
tRNA
stage where chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell
Metaphase
Hollow rod-like structures that form the cell’s cytoskeleton
Microtubules
molecule stores usable energy for the cell
ATP
two alleles both show equally (red + white = red & white)
Codominance
3-base sequence on mRNA for one amino acid
Codon
combined cell formed when sperm and egg meet called
Zygote
protein enzyme creates ATP using hydrogen ion flow
ATP Synthase
organelle allows plants to convert sunlight into glucose
Chloroplast
pattern that involves more than two allele forms
Multiple Alleles
three major steps of protein synthesis
Replication, Transcription, Translation
set name for Meiosis creates cells with half the chromosome number
Haploid