Terminology
chemical messengers secreted by glands in the endocrine system
what are hormones?
This study used London taxi drivers and found that the hippocampus may change in response to environmental demands.
What is Maguire (2000)?
the process in which neurons communicate with other neurons.
what is neurotransmission?
Used to study the brain's behavior by capturing the structure of the brain and forming pictures.
what is an MRI?
monozygotic twins originate from _____ fertilized egg(s), while dizygotic twins originate from _____ fertilized egg(s)
one, two
chemical substance produced and released into the environment by an animal affecting the behavior or physiology of others of its own species
what is a pheromone?
This study looked at skateboarders and found that testosterone may facilitate risk-taking behavior.
What is Ronay and von Hippel (2010)?
The presynaptic neuron releases a chemical known as a ___________ to cross the gap between two neurons called the synapse or synaptic gap.
what is a neurotransmitter?
Strength(s) of the MRI
(Point to team with most correct answers - 3 max)
- non-invasive
- minimal potential harm
- high resolution
Kinship studies study _______, while twin studies study _______
families, twins
The mapping of specific functions to different areas of the brain
What is localization?
They studied neuroplasticity by studying the process of learning to juggle, finding it relies more on visual memory than procedural memory, therefore grey matter increased in the mid-temporal area.
Who is Draganski?
These neurotransmitters then bind to specific receptor sites on the postsynaptic neuron and create an electrical signal called the _______ _______.
what is the action potential?
These two studies use an MRI
What are Draganski & Maguire?
Androstadienone is linked to ____ attraction, while Estratetraenol is linked to _____ attraction
male, female
the process by which extra neurons and synaptic connections are eliminated. results from LTP
what is neural pruning?
They studied acetylcholine's role in the encoding of spatial memories in humans, as well as in rats.
Who is Antonova?
An example of a neurotransmitter looked at in Antonova's study
what is Acetylcholine (ACh)?
MRI uses a magnetic field and radio waves to map the activity of ________ molecules, which are present in different brain tissues to different degrees.
hydrogen
Excitatory neurotransmitters ______ the likelihood of a neuron firing, while Inhibitory neurotransmitters _______ the likelihood of a neuron firing
increase, decrease
an acetylcholine inhibitor, affects hippocampal activity in the creation of spatial memory
What is Scopolamine?
This study used twins to determine the role that genetics plays in major depressive disorder.
Who is Kendler (et al)?
Acetylcholine plays a crucial role in various functions, including __________, ______, and _______.
(Point to team with most correct answers)
- muscle contraction
- memory
- learning
Limitations of the MRI?
(Point to team with most correct answers - 3 max)
- Strong magnets can interfere with objects
- Inconvenience (long time/costly)
- Only shows structure (Not function)
Agonists _____ while Antagonists _____
mimic, block