macromolecules
What are Macromolecules?
Macromolecules are large molecule that are critically important to all living things.
The millions of fossils that scientist have collected are called the fossil ___?
record
what is the light-absorbing green-coloured pigment that begins the process of photosynthesis?
chlorophyll
what is genetic variation?
The natural differences that occur between different organisms. Variation occurs even within the same species.
what is a gene pool?
The sum of the genetic information contained within a population of an organisms
Carbohydrates
lipids
proteins
nucleic acids
Similar structures that related species have inherited from a common ancestor are called ___ structures?
Homologous
what is a membrane-bound organelle in green plant and algal cells that carries out photosynthesis?
chloroplast
What is the main cause of genetic variation?
different alleles
what are the 5 mechanisms of evolution?
mutation, gene flow, genetic drift, natural selection, non random mating
what is a polymer?
strand of many monomers.
what is a group of similar organisms that can breed and produce fertile offspring?
species
what is the protein-rich semiliquid material in the interior of a chloroplast?
stroma
How does sexual reproduction cause variation?
Sexual reproduction produces offspring that always differ from their parents, depending on which alleles they inherit.
what is gene flow?
the movement of genes into or out of a population. This movement may be due to migration or the movement of gametes
what is dehydration synthesis?
removing a molecule to create a bond
what is a trait that helps an organism survive and reproduce?
adaptation
what is a disk-shaped sac in the stroma of a chloroplast?
thylakoid
what is a mutation?
A change in the DNA sequence that usually occurs during the process of DNA replication
what is natural selection?
The process whereby organisms better adapted to their environment tend to survive and produce more offspring.
what are the parts of a nucleic acid?
Phosphate
sugar
Nitrogenous base
what is the study of developing embryos used as evidence of evolution?
embryology
what is a molecule containing three high energy phosphate bonds that acts as the primary energy-transferring molecule in a living organism?
ATP
When could a change in the sequence of bases cause new alleles be created?
During the formation of gametes during meiosis
what is speciation?
The process of formation of a new species