Characteristics of Life / Scientific Method
Mario wants to see which concentration of pesticide will begin to affect the growth of his rosemary plants by measuring their height over the course of 50 days.
What is the dependent variable?
height/growth of rosemary plants
carbon
The structure of an enzyme determines its . . . ?
function
Nonpolar molecules will dissolve in what kind of substance?
nonpolar
Genetic material that organisms inherit from their parents
DNA
Which characteristic of life is being described?
Your dog used to be a small 10 pound puppy, and now it's a large 50 pound adult
growth and development
Which of the four major macromolecules is known for being nonpolar?
Lipids
What happens to enzymes at high temperatures?
denature/unfold/don't work
Salt is an ionic compound. The ions in salt have full charges. What will happen if you put salt in water?
dissolve
Substance that speeds up the rate of a chemical reaction
catalyst
Childbirth, blood clotting, and breastfeeding are all types of what kind of feedback loop?
Positive feedback
Starch is an example of . . . ?
Oil is an example of . . . ?
Enzymes are an example of . . . ?
DNA is an example of . . . ?
carbs
lipids
proteins
Nucleic acids
What do enzymes do to the activation energy?
lower the amount needed
How many covalent bonds can carbon form?
4
Well-tested explanation that unifies a broad range of observations
(scientific) theory
Which characteristic of life best describes the following:
You notice the leaves on your plants tend to face the direction of the sun
Response to stimuli
The formation of covalent bonds between monomers to form polymers is called . . . ?
dehydration synthesis
BONUS:
What is the synonym for dehydration synthesis?
What kind of reaction has occurred if the energy of the products is lower than the energy of the reactants?
energy releasing (exothermic)
Polysaccharides are an example of which of the 4 major macromolecules?
carbohydrates
Bonus: What are the two main functions of carbohydrates?
Reactant of an enzyme-catalyzed reaction
substrate
Explain why water is a good control group for an experiment where you are testing different pHs
You know water is supposed to have a pH of 7
Alpha-helices and beta-pleated sheets are found in which structure of a protein?
secondary
Describe the specificity of enzymes
enzymes only bind to one substrate
enzymes only bind to substrates that complement their shape
A fatty acid with only single-bonded carbons is what kind of fatty acid?
saturated fatty acid
Macromolecule that contains carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, phosphorus, and nitrogen
Nucleic acid