DNA vs RNA
DNA is double-stranded, while RNA is…
Single-stranded.
This process determines which proteins a cell makes.
What is gene expression?
The first step of protein synthesis is…
Transcription.
A mutation is a change in…
DNA.
A codon is made of how many nucleotides?
Three.
DNA stores genetic information, while RNA is used for…
Making proteins
All cells have the same DNA, but different cell types exist because…
Different genes are turned on or off
This process converts mRNA into a chain of amino acids.
Translation.
Mutations can be harmful, beneficial, or…
Neutral
Codons are found on this molecule.
mRNA.
This nitrogen base is found in RNA but NOT DNA.
Uracil.
Gene expression directly controls BOTH of these things in a cell.
The amount and type of proteins produced.
The organelle where translation happens.
Ribosome.
This mutation removes a nucleotide from a DNA sequence.
Deletion
A missense mutation changes…
One amino acid.
Which molecule is more complex in structure and function?
DNA.
This explains how stem cells become blood cells, muscle cells, or nerve cells.
Gene expression determines cell differentiation.
This step copies DNA into mRNA.
Transcription.
This mutation adds an extra nucleotide.
Insertion.
This type of mutation does NOT change the amino acid.
Silent mutation.
This type of RNA carries genetic instructions from DNA to the ribosome.
mRNA
Gene expression does NOT change DNA, but instead controls this.
Which proteins are made.
tRNA’s job during translation is to…
This mutation causes the MOST impact because it shifts the reading frame.
Frameshift Mutation.
What is a stop codon?
UAA, UAG, or UGA