Week 7 Pt. 1
Cell wall, vacuole, chloroplast
What are the features of plant cells that are not found in animal cells?/ What distinguishes plant cells from animal cells?
A protein with hydrophobic and hydrophilic side chains
What is an amphipathic protein?
Movement down the concentration gradient, without the involvement of membrane proteins.
What is simple diffusion?
Transport proteins that passively transport one molecule at a time
What are uniports?
The insides of organelles
What is/are lumen?
Transmembrane, monolayer-associated, lipid-linked
What are the types of integral proteins?
Movement down the concentration gradient, with the involvement of membrane proteins.
What is facilitated diffusion?
Restricted portions of cell membranes that prevent lateral movement of proteins as a way of keeping them in their appropriate domains.
What are tight junctions?
Compartmentalization, scaffolding for biochemical pathways, transport of solutes etc.
What are the functions/purposes of the cell membrane?
Artificial lipid bilayers
What are liposomes?
A transport protein that shows selectivity in size and charge, goes through no conformational changes for transport
What is a channel protein?
Na+ and K+ outside the cell, Cl- and other negative cellular components inside the cell
What makes up/contributes to the resting membrane potential in animal cells?
Lateral diffusion, rotation, flexion
What are the types of phospholipid movements within the same leaflet/lipid layer?
A quantitative analysis of the degree of hydrophobicity (or hydrophilicity) of amino acids of a protein
Hint: Amino acid number vs. Hydropathy index
What is a hydrophobicity plot?
The net driving force of transport across the membrane
(Concentration Gradient + Membrane Potential)
What is an electrochemical gradient?
3 Na+ out, 2 K+ in
What is the movement of Na+ and K+ with respect to their pump?
Phospholipid saturation, phospholipid tail length, lipid saturation (cholesterol)
What factors control membrane fluidity?
A technique of studying proteins that monitors the movement of proteins in a single leaflet (involves photobleaching)
What is FRAP?
Bonus if you answer with the full form:
Fluorescence Recovery After Photobleaching
Voltage, Ligand, Mechanical
What are the types of gated-ion channels?
A pump that uses ATP to pump H+ against the electrochemical gradient
Bonus if you can name the pump that works in the exact opposite way (uses H+ to produce ATP)
What is a V-type proton pump?
What is an F-type ATP Synthase?