Central Dogma
Genetics
Terminology
The Bird is the Word
The Peppered Moth
100
There are 20 of these in the human body, which form the primary structure of proteins
What are amino acids?
100
This monk is known as the father of genetics.
Who was Gregor Mendel?
100
The changes in allele frequencies in a population over time is called this
What is microevolution?
100
Finches on the Galapagos Islands are an excellent example of this process of adapting and filling all available niches
What is adaptive radiation?
100
This fungus-type organism is the real reason why trees in England are light colored
What is lichen?
200
DNA is this into RNA
What is translated?
200
This simple graph is used to understand dominance patterns. 
What is a Punnett Square?
200
This is the process occurring when populations get very small and the allele frequencies start to fluctuate randomly
What is genetic drift?
200
The useless wings of an emu can be used as an example of this
What is a vestigial structure?
200
After the Industrial Revolution and before clean air standards were enacted, white moths suffered lower fitness than black moths due to this selective pressure
What is predation/birds?
300
The five nucleotide types are cytosine, adenine, guanine, uracil, and this
What is thymine?
300
If a trait is masked by another, and an organism needs both copy of the allele to express it, that is called this
What is recessive?
300
This is the process occurring when a population gets very small due to a catastrophic event, and the allele variation is severely decreased for future generations
What is a bottleneck?
300
If an emu, a species with small, useless wings, was hatched and had large functioning wings, that would be an example of this
What is atavism?
300
Seen as part 1 in this graph, this is the mode of selection that occurred when the melanistic form of moth started increasing in the population. 
What is directional selection?
400
The vast majority of DNA mutations are this
What is silent?
400
An organism that has two copies for each chromosome, one from mom and one from dad, is called this
What is diploid?
400
This is the process occurring when humans are the selective pressures on a population, typically of domesticated animals or crops
What is artificial selection?
400
Penguins and hummingbirds do not look alike at all. However, they are relatively closely related. This is an example of this type of evolution
What is divergent?
400
The burning of this type of fossil fuel caused soot to be deposited on all surfaces near industrial areas.
What is coal?
500
A region of DNA that once coded for a protein but is no longer functional is called this
What is a pseudogene?
500
The character of a gene (i.e., yellow pea color or green pea color) is called this
What is an allele?
500
The theory of neutral evolution is based upon the accumulation of these
What are silent mutations?
500
Like most animal species on the planet, except for primates and guinea pigs, birds can make this important molecule, which enables it to fight disease, such as scurvy
What is vitamin C?
500
Kettlewell's experiments tracking the light and dark morphs of the peppered moth are an excellent example of this theory, first outlined by Charles Darwin
What is natural selection?