Origin of Species
Author of The Origin of Species
Who is Charles Darwin?
Inheritable characteristics that increase an organism's ability to survive and reproduce
What are adaptations?
Similarity resulting from common ancestry
What is homology?
Change in allele frequencies in a population over generations
What is microevolution?
Barriers to new species can be prior to or after fertiliation
What is prezygotic and postzygotic isolation?
Process by which one species splits into two or more species
What is Speciation?
Decent with Modification
What is Evolution?
Process in which individuals with favorable inherited traits are more likely to survive and reproduce successfully
What is Natural Selection?
Reveals anatomical homologies not visible in adult organisms
What is comparative embryology?
Variation in the frequency of genotypes in a small population due to disappearance of genes from the gene pool
What is genetic drift?
The existence of biological barriers that impede two species from producing viable, fertile offspring
What is reproductive isolation?
Possessing more than two complete sets of chromosomes
What is Polyploidy?
The father of Paleontology
Who is George Cuvier?
Differences, that can be inherited, between individuals in the population
What is heritable variation?
Remnants of features that served a function in the organism’s ancestors
What are vestigial traits?
Creation of new alleles
What is genetic variation?
Two species encounter each other rarely, or not at all, because they occupy different habitats
What is habitat isolation?
Species with multiple sets of chromosomes derived from different species
What is allopolyploid?
Incorrectly hypothesized that species evolve through use and disuse of body parts
Who is Jean-Baptiste de Lamarck?
Selection and breeding of individuals with desired traits
What is artificial selection?
Anatomical resemblances that represent variations on a structural theme present in a common ancestor
What is structural homology?
Differences that do not result from genetic differences among individuals, but rather from environmental influences
What is phenotypic variation?
Species that breed at different times of the day, different seasons, or different years cannot mix their gametes
What is Temporal Isolation?
Species with multiple sets of chromosomes derived from the same species
What is autopolyploid?
Darwin's idea that all species alive today and those already extinct, arose from earlier organisms
What is gradual divergence?
All the organisms of the same group or species who live in a particular geographical area and are capable of interbreeding
Idea that individuals with inherited traits that promote survival tend to have more offspring
What is the link between natural selection & overreproduction?
The principle that the genetic variation in a population will remain constant from one generation to the next
What is Hardy-Weinberg?
Courtship rituals and other behaviors unique to a species are effective barriers to mating
What is Behavioral Isolation?
Evolution that occurs above the species level
What is macroevolution?