Mixtures
What is a mixture?
The combination of 2 or more substances that do not chemically react with each other.
What is solubility?
Maximum amount (mass) of solute that can be dissolved per mass of solvent at a specific temperature
How many milligrams are in a gram?
1000 milligrams, 1 mg
What are the two types of mixtures?
homogenous - mixture is uniform/looks the same throughout
heterogenous - mixture is not uniform/does not look the same throughout
What is a solute?
The substance being dissolved in a solution.
ie. when salt is added to water, salt is the solute since it is the substance dissolving
How many milliequivalent are in an equivalent?
1000 mEq,
What is an example of a heterogenous mixture?
Oil and water, oil and vinegar, sandy water
What is a solvent?
The substance that other materials (i.e. solute) dissolve in.
Solvents are typically liquids.
i.e. when salt is added to water, water is the solvent dissolving the salt
How is molarity calculated?
amount of solute dissolved divided by total amount of the solution
What is an example of a homogenous mixture?
Salt water, milk, Metal alloys (i.e. brass)
What is the difference between saturated and unsaturated solutions?
A saturated solution has the maximum amount of dissolved solute (if more is added it will not dissolve).
An unsaturated solution does not have the maximum amount of dissolved solvent (more could be dissolved).
Molarity of the solution, moles of solute, volume of the solution
What is the difference between a solution and a colloid?
Both are types of homogenous mixtures but the size of particles in the mixture are different. A solution will have smaller particle and will be transparent. A colloid will have larger particles and will be cloudy.
What does "like dissolves like" mean in regards to solubility?
Substances (solutes) will generally dissolve in solvents they can interact with (*hint* forces interacting between solute and solvent).
What are the two types of solutes and what is used to classify them?
Electrolytes - provide ions when they are dissolved in water
Non-electrolytes - do not provide ions when they are dissolved in water
The ability to conduct electricity when the substance is placed in water.