Carbohydrates
The common name for a carbohydrate
Sugars
Fats, oils and waxes are all examples of this
Lipids
Proteins are made from monomers that are called
Amino Acids
The main function of Nucleic Acids
To store genetic information
The amount of energy required to begin a chemical reaction
Activation Energy
Cells use carbohydrates to produce this
Energy (ATP
Lipids that only have carbon to carbon single bonds and are bonded to as many hydrogen atoms as possible are called
Saturated Fats (Lipids)
The main function of proteins
To do the work and chemistry of the cell (body)
Two examples of Nucleic Acids are
DNA and RNA
Reactants that bond to enzymes
Substrate
The monomers that make up carbohydrates are called
Monosaccharides
The majority of lipids will not mix with water, making them __________ molecules
Hydrophobic or Nonpolar
A special type of protein that catalyses chemical reactions
An Enzyme
Nucleic Acids are made from monomers called
Nucleotides
Part of the enzyme where substrates bond
The Active Site
An example of a monosaccharide is
Glucose
The cell membrane is primarily made of this type of lipid
Phospholipid
The bonds that link individual amino acids together are called
Peptide bonds
This is the shape of DNA
A double helix
All of the chemical reactions that take place in an organism
Metabolism
Three examples of polysaccharides are
Starch, Cellulose and Glycogen
Most of the body's hormones are derived (made) from this lipid
Cholesterol
A protein found in blood that carries oxygen
Hemoglobin
These bonds hold both strands of the double helix together
Hydrogen Bonds
small repeating units within a molecule
monomers