Lipids
Carbs
Protein
Metabolism
100
What is one function of lipids?
long term energy storage, great insulation and protection for organisms, make up cell membranes (regulate water movement in and out of the cell), a chemical messenger (hormones), waterproof covering
100
What is the monomer of a carb?
monosaccharide (ribose, glucose, fructose, galactose)
100
What is the monomer of proteins?
Amino Acids
100
What is metabolism?
the chemical processes that occur within a living organism in order to maintain life.
200
What is the monomer of lipids?
Triglyceride (fatty acids+ glycerol)
200
Name a function of carbs.
Great, Short term energy source, Humans convert carbs to ATP prior to use, plants use for structure as well
200
How many amino acids make up the proteins found in the human body?
20
200
What do carbs, fats, and lipids break down into in the body?
sugars, amino acids, and triglycerides
300
Saturated or Unsaturated?
Saturated
300
What does the human body convert glucose into?
ATP
300
Favorite Source of Protein?
free points
300
What does ATP stand for?
Adenosine triphosphate
400
What are the three types of lipid? What are their characteristics?
Saturated- linear, when all carbons contain single bonds.
Unsaturated- bent, when some carbons contain double bonds.
Trans fats- humans created it from unsaturated fats because unsaturated fats spoil too easily. To do this, they twist the bent unsaturated fat chain into a straight linear chain.
400
How are monosaccharides bonded to other monosaccharides to form a polysaccharide? What is the name of the bond that connects them?
created through dehydration synthesis, glycosidic bond
400
What bonds form between amino acids to create polypeptides? How?
A peptide bond between amino acids (C-N) through dehydration synthesis
400
How does ATP convert into ADP?
When one phosphate group is removed
500
What is the name of bonds that form between the fatty acid tails and glycerol of the triglyceride monomer? What two atoms does it bond between?
ester bond, C-O
500
What shape do carb monomers appear in? polymers?
monomers are shaped in rings and polymers are in strands/webs that are highly accessible to take a monomer and use it for energy.
500
What are fibrous and globular proteins?
fibrous: used as a building material, non-polar and don’t let water pass through (hair, cartilage, muscle, etc)
globular: designed to facilitate chemical reactions and carry out tasks in the body, polar so they can easily travel through the body (enzymes, antibodies)
500
What are the two categories of metabolism and what does each do?
The two steps of metabolism are catabolism (breaks down molecules and releases energy) and anabolism (builds up molecules and requires energy in the form of ATP)