Carbohydrates
What is the monomer, polymer, and other 'extra' type of carbohydrate?
Monosaccharide, Polysaccharide
Disaccharide
What is the function of lipids?
Long term energy storage, insulation, cushion
What is the monomer for proteins? How many are there?
Amino Acids, 20
What are the two types of nucleic acids?
DNA and RNA
What makes molecules organic?
Carbon
What are carbohydrates relationship with water? What do we call that relationship?
Water Loving, Hydrophillic
What are lipids relationship with water? What do we call that relationship?
Water Fearing, Hydrophobic
What gives proteins different shapes?
The number and sequence of amino acids
What element do nucleic acids have that the other macromolecules do not have?
Phosphate
What is the process of breaking polymers back into monomers?
Hydrolysis
What are the 3 monosaccharides?
Glucose, Fructose, Galactose
What is the lipid monomer? What is it made of?
Triglyceride
3 fatty acids and a glycerol
What element does protein have that carbohydrates and lipids don't have?
Nitrogen
What is the shape for DNA and RNA?
DNA- double stranded or double helix
RNA- single strand
List where you can find each of the macromolecules.
Carbohydrates- anything with sugar
Lipids- any fats
Protein- meat, dairy
Nucleic Acids- body or nucleus
What is the carbohydrate that supports plant cell walls?
Cellulose
Dehydration Synthesis
What is the specific protein that speeds up chemical reactions?
Enzymes
What do Nucleic Acids store?
Hereditary information
What is the name of the bond that shares electrons?
Covalent
How do animals store carbohydrates?
How do plants store carbohydrates?
Glycogen
Starch
What is the structural difference between saturated and unsaturated fatty acids? What are they at room temperature?
Saturated: straight, solid
Unsaturated: bent, liquid
What is another name for enzymes? What does it mean?
Catalyst, breaking stuff
What is the full name for DNA?
Deoxyribonucleic Acid
What elements do all four of the macromolecules share?
Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen