Macromolecules
What are the four macromolecules?
Carbohydrates, Lipids, Proteins, and Nucleic Acids
Where do substrates bind?
Active Site
Define monomer:
The single building block of a polymer
What was the purpose of the elephant and the lion NUTRITION lab?
To determine which food belonged to which animal by testing for the presence or absence of macromolecules.
Which macromolecule makes up enzymes?
proteins
What makes a molecule organic?
When two substrates combine to become product, what type of enzymatic reaction is that?
Synthesis
What is activation energy?
The energy needed to start a reaction
What treatments denatured catalase?
boiled potato and vinegar soaked potato
An enzyme binds to its substrate. It is now called ___________________.
An enzyme-substrate complex
What type of reaction breaks a polymer into its monomer units?
Hydrolysis
What do we call it when an enzyme binds to a substrate?
Define substrate
In the elphants and lion digestion lab we discovered that bonds between monomers have what?
Energy
The molecules on the left side of a chemical equation are the _________.
The the molecules on the right side of the chemical formula are _________.
Reactants; Products
What is an example of a polysaccharide?
Cellulose, Starch, or Glycogen
How do enzymes do what to reactions and how do they do it?
Speed them up by reducing activation energy
What is a phospholipid?
A lipid with a phosphate head. The main component of cell membranes.
What was the substrate in the enzyme lab with potatos and hydrogen peroxide?
Hydrogen peroxide
List two ways to denature an enzyme.
Increase or decrease the tempurature and increase or decrease the pH
Which macromolecule functions in protein synthesis?
Nucleic acids (DNA/RNA)
Enzymes typically end in what three letters?
-ase
Define Decomposition reaction
How does Benedict's solution indicate the presence of macromolecules? Which macromolecules?
It turns yellow, orange. It tests for simple sugars (monosaccharides)
How does enzyme structure equate to its function?
Enzymes are folded into specific shapes so their active site can bind to a specific substrate.