Monomers & Polymers
what are the four Macromolecules?
Carbohydrates, lipids, nucleic acids, and amino acids
what is the function of nucleic acids?
they are the blueprint for life and hold directions to make proteins
is oxygen a negative or positive atom?
it is negative!
what is a molecule?
2 or more bonded atoms
what does pH stand for?
potential of hydrogen
what are the monomers and polymers of amino acids?
M:amino acid/peptide P:protein/polypeptide
what functions do carbohydrates have?
they give nutrients and energy and have a strong structure
what 3 things are atoms made of?
protons, electrons, and neutrons
what is biochemistry?
branch of science concerned with chemical processes and substances within living organisms.
what is the optimal pH level of a worm?
6.5
what are the monomers and polymers for carbohydrates?
M: monosaccharide P: polysaccharide
what are the functions of lipids?
separation, energy storage, cell signaling
why is water polar?
There is an uneven charge between the atoms
what makes up organic molecules?
hydrogen and carbon
what are the 3 characteristics of saturated and unsaturated fats?
saturated:single bond, animals, packed closely
unsaturated:double bond, plants, packed further apart
what are the monomers and polymers of nucleic acid?
M:nucleotides P:DNA/RNA
what are the functions of amino acids?
defend,energy storage, transportation, structural support, cell communication, catalyst
what are the special properties of water?
adhesion and cohesion, surface tension, high specific heat, universal solvent
what are the building blocks for DNA and proteins?
Nitrogen,phosphorous, and sulfur
describe the four levels of protein structure?
primary:single chain
secondary:hydrogen bonding (fold)
tertiary: 3D folding/twisting
quaternary: multiple chains come together
what are the monomers and polymers of lipids?
M:glycerol with fatty acid chain P:no polymer
which Macromolecule ends in 'ose' and which one ends in 'ase'?
carbohydrates end in "ose" amino acids end is "ase"
what type of synthesis needs water in order to break down a polymer?
hydrolysis
what happens if there are too little of trace elements (zinc or iron) in our bodies?
Zinc deficiency: dizzy, low blood cell counts
Iron deficiency: causes hair loss, diarrhea, eye and skin sores and loss of appetite
what would happen to Ms Killian if she had a pH of 6.9?
She could develop acidosis, high blood pressure, kidney disease, and or diabetes