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Biomolecules
Functions
Vocabulary
Enzymes
100
What are the four main biomolecules?
Lipids, Proteins, Carbohydrates, Nucleic Acids
100
What is the function of nucleic acids?
Code for traits; heredity
100
What is the difference between organic and inorganic molecules?
Organic--contains carbon Inorganic--does NOT contain carbon
100
What is the purpose of an enzyme?
To catalyze (speed up) a chemical reaction
200

What are the three parts of a nucleotide?

Phosphate, Sugar, and a Nitrogen base

200
What is the function of lipids in a person's diet?
Long-term energy storage
200
A polymer is composed of what?
Monomers
200
How does an enzyme affect the energy level required to start a reaction?
Lowers it
300
Name two monomers and one polymer of carbohydrates.
Monomers--glucose, fructose Polymers--starch, glycogen, cellulose
300
What is the function of structural proteins, and where are they usually found in the cell?
Structure; cell membrane
300
What is dehydration synthesis?
Loss of water to build a molecule
300
What happens to an enzyme after it performs its "job" on a molecule?
Nothing; it ends up the same as when it started
400
What are the monomers of proteins, and how many are there?
Amino Acids 20
400
What kind of carbohydrates function as long-term energy storage?
Polymers/Polysaccharides = starch, vegetables, grains, bread
400

What is a monomer?

Building blocks to a biomolecule/polymer/organic compound/macromolecule.

400
What is the name of the place on an enzyme where its molecule binds?
Active site
500

Describe what lipids can do to damage blood vessels.

Fat can build up along blood vessels and causes a blockage, leading to blood clots and can cause a heart attack or stroke.

500
Enzymes, Transport, and Regulation are functions of what kind of protein?
Globular
500

Name two other terms that mean the same thing as biomolecules

Organic compounds, organic molecules, and/or macromolecules

500
Name one factor that can affect how well an enzyme works
Temperature, pH (acid/base solution), Substrate concentration, Denatured enzyme