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Biomolecules
Functions
Other
Vocabulary
Enzymes
100
What are the four main biomolecules?
Lipids, Proteins, Carbohydrates, Nucleic Acids
100

What is the function of nucleic acids?

Code for traits; heredity, makes proteins

100
Name two kinds of food that have saturated fat?
Butter, Lard, Meat fat
100
What is the difference between organic and inorganic molecules?
Organic--contains carbon Inorganic--does NOT contain carbon
100
What is the purpose of an enzyme?
To catalyze (speed up) a chemical reaction
200

Describe the two types of proteins

enzymes, hormones, hemoglobin, contractile proteins(parts of muscles)

200
What is the function of lipids in a person's diet?
Long-term energy storage
200

A kink in the fatty acid tail leads to what kind of triglyceride?

unsaturated fatty acid

200
A polymer is composed of what?
Monomers
200
How does an enzyme affect the energy level required to start a reaction?
Lowers it
300
Name two monomers and one polymer of carbohydrates.
Monomers--glucose, fructose Polymers--starch, glycogen, cellulose
300
What is the function of structural proteins, and where are they usually found in the cell?
Structure; cell membrane
300

Which of the four biomolecules are present in an egg (2)?

Lipids, Protein

300
What is dehydration synthesis?
Loss of water to build a molecule
300
What happens to an enzyme after it performs its "job" on a molecule?
Nothing; it ends up the same as when it started
400
What are the monomers of proteins, and how many are there?
Amino Acids 20
400

What kind of carbohydrates are complex carbohydrates?

Polymers/Polysaccharides = starch, vegetables and grains 

400

Why was the raw liver used in the liver enzyme lab?

it was the control.  It was used to see how the enzyme should work.  

400

What is the building block(monomer) of a nucleic acid?

nucleotide

400
What is the name of the place on an enzyme where its molecule binds?
Active site
500
What are the three parts of a nucleotide (monomer of DNA/RNA)?
Phosphate, Sugar, Nitrogenous base
500

How many essential amino acids are there?  Why are they called essential?

10.  essential that you take them in by diet.  they are not made in the body.

500

Give 2 examples used in the liver lab to show that the enzyme was functioning normally.

bubbles in the fluid (oxygen) and relighting of the wooden splint

500

When atoms share electrons, it forms what kind of bonds?

covalent bonds

500
Name one factor that can affect how well an enzyme works
Temperature, pH (acid/base solution), Substrate concentration, Denatured enzyme