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Biomolecules
Functions
PKU
Vocabulary
Enzymes
100
What are the four main biomolecules?
Lipids, Proteins, Carbohydrates, Nucleic Acids
100
What is the function of nucleic acids?
Code for traits; heredity
100

the biomolecule that does not code for the certain type of protein in PKU.

What is nucleic acid?

100
What is the difference between organic and inorganic molecules?
Organic--contains carbon Inorganic--does NOT contain carbon
100
What is the purpose of an enzyme?
To catalyze (speed up) a chemical reaction
200
Describe the two types of proteins
Structural--structural support Globular--enzymes, transport
200
What is the function of lipids in a person's diet?
Long-term energy storage
200

Describe how the gene error leads to PKU.

The gene error does not code for the protein, which is needed to break down Phe

200
A polymer is composed of what?
Monomers
200
How does an enzyme affect the energy level required to start a reaction?
Lowers it
300
Name two monomers and one polymer of carbohydrates.
Monomers--glucose, fructose Polymers--starch, glycogen, cellulose
300
What is the function of structural proteins, and where are they usually found in the cell?
Structure; cell membrane
300

Phenylalanine is a(n) ____.  

amino acid

300

This element is used to protect proteins from damage.

What is sulfer? 

300
What happens to an enzyme after it performs its "job" on a molecule?
Nothing; it ends up the same as when it started
400

All of the biomolecules have these elements

What are O,C, and H?

400

The function of the active site complex.

What is to have a binding location for the substrate?

400

Phenylalanine hydroxylase is a(n) _____.  

enzyme

400

triglyceride is a type of ____.   

lipid

400
What is the name of the place on an enzyme where its molecule binds?
Active site
500
What are the three parts of a nucleotide (monomer of DNA/RNA)?
Phosphate, Sugar, Nitrogenous base
500

catalase is this specific type of protein.

What is an enzyme? 

500

Describe what happens as a result of the enzyme not being present in PKU.

phenylalanine does not get broken down and build up into the brain.  

500

this is the model we use for DNA

What is a double helix?

500
Name one factor that can affect how well an enzyme works
Temperature, pH (acid/base solution), Substrate concentration, Denatured enzyme