Interphase
What are the three parts of interphase, and what does the cell do in each part?
G1: The cell grows and makes proteins
S: The cell copies its DNA
G2: The cell gets ready to divide by checking the DNA
What is the main goal of Mitosis?
To make two new cells that are the same
How does Meiosis 1 affect the Chromosome number?
By splitting the chromosome number in half.
What is metaphase 2?
The phase where chromosomes line up at the center of the cell.
What’s the cell’s version of splitting up with your twin?
Anaphase
What does the cell do during the S phase of interphase, and why is it important?
During the S phase, the cell copies the DNA. This is important because each cell needs a full set of the DNA.
What happens to the chromosomes during prophase?
They become visible
Why is crossing over important during prophase 1?
It mixes DNA between chromosomes to make new versions.
What are spindle fibers?
The fibers that pull the chromatids apart during anaphase 2.
Why don’t cells copy their DNA before meiosis 2?
Because they already did it before
What do checkpoints do during interphase?
Checkpoints make sure that the cell is big enough and that it is growing right.
Why do chromosomes line up in the middle during metaphase?
So they can be split into two new cells.
What is the difference between what separates in Meiosis 1 and in Mitosis?
Meiosis 1 separates chromosome pairs and Mitosis separate sister chromatids.
What happens to sister chromatids during Meiosis 2?
They are pulled apart
What’s the final score after meiosis 2?
4 haploid cells
How is interphase different from mitosis and why does interphase take longer?
Interphase is the phase when the cell grows, copies DNA, and gets ready to divide.
What pulls the chromosomes apart during anaphase?
Fibers pulling the chromatids to the opposite side.
Why are the cells made after Meiosis 1 called haploid?
Because they only have one set of chromosomes.
How many cells are made at the end of Meiosis 2?
Which phase is basically a line dance for chromosomes?
Metaphase 2
What happens to the cell's size and organelles during the interphase?
The cell grows bigger and makes more organelles.
What would happen if mitosis didn't happen correctly?
The new cells might get the wrong amounts of chromosomes.
What could happen if the same chromosomes don't separate correctly in anaphase 1?
One cell might get to many chromosomes than the other.
Why are the cells made by meiosis 2 genetically different?
Because they crossed over
What would happen if spindle fibers took a nap during meiosis 2?
Chromatids wouldn’t separate properly