Atomic Structure
This subatomic particle has a positive charge and determines the identity of an element.
What is a proton?
This element forms the backbone of most organic compounds.
What is carbon?
This class of biological molecules includes sugars and starches and serves as an immediate energy source.
What are carbohydrates?
This class of biological molecules includes enzymes and is built from amino acids.
What are proteins?
These four major classes of biological molecules are found in living organisms.
What are carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids?
This subatomic particle has a negative charge and occupies energy levels around the nucleus.
What is an electron?
This chemical formula represents a molecule containing one carbon atom and two oxygen atoms.
What is CO₂?
These two simple sugars are examples of monosaccharides.
What are glucose and fructose?
These small molecules are the building blocks of proteins.
What are amino acids?
These small building blocks join together to form larger molecules called polymers.
What are monomers?
This is the maximum number of electrons that can occupy the first energy level of an atom.
What are two electrons?
This type of formula shows the kinds and numbers of atoms in a molecule and how they are connected.
What is a structural formula?
This class of biological molecules includes fats, oils, and waxes and is generally insoluble in water.
What are lipids?
This is the name for a chain of amino acids linked together by peptide bonds.
What is a polypeptide?
This class of biological molecules includes DNA and RNA.
What are nucleic acids?
This is the term for an atom that has gained or lost electrons, resulting in an unequal number of protons and electrons.
What is an ion?
This group of compounds contains carbon and is commonly associated with living organisms.
What are organic compounds?
These two types of lipids are both found in cell membranes.
What are cholesterol and phospholipids?
This molecule is formed when two amino acids join together through a peptide bond.
What is a dipeptide?
This type of reaction breaks down larger molecules by adding water.
What is a hydrolysis reaction?
This is the subatomic particle that, along with protons, makes up the nucleus of an atom and has no electrical charge.
What is a neutron?
This is the total number of atoms found in a single molecule of carbon dioxide, CO₂.
What are three atoms?
This type of reaction joins fatty acids and glycerol to form a fat by removing water.
What is a condensation reaction?
These are the four elements listed in the test as making up proteins.
What are carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen?
This type of reaction joins smaller molecules together to form a larger molecule while releasing water.
What is a condensation reaction?