Cell Structures
This organelle is the powerhouse of the cell, responsible for generating ATP through cellular respiration
What is the mitochondria?
This type of transport does not require energy and moves substances from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration
What is passive transport?
This type of lipid consists of a hydrophilic head and hydrophobic tails, forming the main component of cell membranes
What are phospholipids?
Proteins are polymers of these smaller units
What are amino acids?
This intermolecular force of attraction occurs between a hydrogen atom and a highly electronegative atom, such as oxygen, nitrogen, or fluorine, that is covalently bonded to another atom
What is hydrogen bonding?
This organelle is responsible for protein synthesis and is composed of a large and small subunit
What is the ribosome?
This process involves the movement of water molecules across a selectively permeable membrane from an area of low solute concentration to an area of high solute concentration
What is osmosis?
This type of lipid is commonly known as fats and oils and serves as a long-term energy storage molecule in organisms
What are triglycerides
This type of protein speeds up chemical reactions in living organisms?
What are enzymes
This functional group consists of a nitrogen atom bonded to three hydrogen atoms and is found in amines and amino acids
What is the amino group?
This organelle acts as the cell's transportation system, modifying and sorting proteins and lipids
What is the Golgi Apparatus?
This type of transport requires energy in the form of ATP and moves substances against their concentration gradient
What is active transport?
This carbohydrate serves as the primary energy storage molecule in animals
What is glycogen?
This nucleic acid is involved in protein synthesis and is found in the cytoplasm of cells
What is mRNA (messenger RNA)?
This type of intermolecular force of attraction occurs between molecules that contain polar covalent bonds and involves the attraction between the positive and negative ends of neighboring molecules
What are dipole-dipole interactions?
This organelle contains digestive enzymes that break down cellular waste and debris
What is the lysosome?
This type of transport involves the engulfment of large particles or molecules into the cell by forming vesicles
What is endocytosis?
This disaccharide is composed of glucose and fructose and is commonly found in fruits and honey
What is sucrose?
This structure forms when two complementary nucleic acid strands hydrogen bond with each other
What is a double helix?
This term refers to a measure of the inequality of electron sharing in a chemical bond, based on the difference in electronegativity between bonded atoms
What is polarity?
This organelle is responsible for maintaining cell shape, providing structural support, and facilitating cell movement
What is the cytoskeleton?
This process involves the expulsion of materials from the cell by the fusion of vesicles with the plasma membrane
What is exocytosis?
This polysaccharide is found in the exoskeletons of arthropods and the cell walls of fungi, providing structural support
What is chitin?
This level of protein structure involves the folding and twisting of the polypeptide chain into a specific three-dimensional shape
What is tertiary structure?
This intermolecular force of attraction arises from temporary fluctuations in electron distribution within molecules and results in weak attractions between adjacent molecules
What are London dispersion forces?