Natural Selection
Evolutionary Mechanisms
Speciation
Phylogenetic Trees
Misc.
100
Who wrote The Origin of Species?
Charles Darwin
100
A disaster randomly causes variation. What is this called?
Bottleneck effect
100
Two organisms can reproduce. Their offspring cannot reproduce. Are they in the same species?
No
100
Where do we find the common ancestor on a cladogram?
A. Taxon
B. Root
C. Nodes
B. Root
100
What is a NODE on a phylogenetic tree?
Point where taxon splits from the common ancestor
200
This shows two different colors of moths. What word did Charles Darwin use to state that populations have differences?
Variation
200
Define genetic drift.
Change in variation within a population
200
One animal has a mating season in the summer, another has a mating season in the winter. What prezygotic barrier is this?
Temporal isolation
200
What are the TAXON on a phylogenetic tree?
Organisms being compared
200
What side of the cladogram do we find the ROOT?
Left or Right?
Left
300
What are the three types of selection that are shown on graphs?
Directional, Disruptive, Stabilizing
300
Which evolutionary mechanism does this illustration represent?
Founder effect
300
Different species of birds have specific mating calls and dances. What prezygotic barrier is this an example of?
Behavioral isolation
300
If a phylogram uses genetic relationships, what does a CLADOGRAM use?
Common Characteristics
300
These moths are adapted to survive in different environments. What is this an example of?
A. Genetic Drift
B. Natural Selection
C. Gene Flow
D. Bottleneck Effect
B: Natural Selection
400
What type of selection is shown in this graph?
Disruptive
400
A type of bird with blue spots on its feathers moves into a new area where there are only birds without spots. What evolutionary mechanism does this represent?
Gene Flow
400
What is a cell that undergoes fertilization when an egg and sperm cell meet.
Zygote
400
What characteristics do mammals and birds have in common?
Amniotic egg, four limbs, and vertebral column
400
Finches evolved different beak shapes to help them eat the specific food sources in their environments. What is the vocab term that best fits this?
A. Adaptation
B. Evolution
C. Natural Selection
D. Taxon
A: Adaptation
500
What are Darwin's 5 principles of natural selection?
1. Populations have variation
2. Favorable traits in variation
3. Overproduction
4. Favorable traits survive
5. Population changes
500
Three colors of bunnies live in a forest. Spotted, brown, and black. A wildfire burns the forest and none of the spotted bunnies survive. The remaining black bunnies leave the forest to find food and join another existing colony of brown and spotted bunnies.
Which two mechanisms are represented here?
Bottleneck Effect (fire)
Gene Flow (joining a new colony)
500
What kind of barrier causes problems due to organisms having different numbers of chromosomes, such as horses and donkeys?
A: Prezygotic
B: Temporal
C: Gametic
D: Postzygotic
D: Postzygotic
500
Which organisms share common traits with the lizard?
Salamander, Perch, and Hagfish
500
There are 3 types of polar bears: Thick coats, thin coats and medium coats. It will be winter soon and temperatures are dropping rapidly. The bears must be kept warm or they will freeze to death. Many bears have had 2 cubs each, but due to the extreme temperatures, many mothers only have one cub left.
What bear will natural selection select AGAINST?
Bears with thin coats. They will not be able to keep warm in the extreme cold.