Enzymes/ Calculations
What class of macromolecule are enzymes?
Proteins
What enzyme catalyzes that reaction that occurs in the phosphagen energy system?
Creatine Kinase (CK)
This complex pumps protons from the intermembrane space to the mitochodrial matrix to produce ATP
ATP Synthase
What are the 3 allosteric (or rate-limiting enzymes of glycolysis)
hexokinase, PFK, and pyruvate kinase
The conversion of ingested or stored macronutrients into usable energy is known as
Bioenergetics
Below what intensity of VO2max does an individual utilize more fats than carbohydrates for ATP production?
65%
What is the resting concentration of intramuscular ATP?
5mmol/kg
What electron carrier drops off its electrons at complex 1 in the ETC
NADH
What is the starting substrate of the Krebs Cycle?
Citrate
How many ATP are produced from each molecule of glucose in the Krebs Cycle?
2 ATP
At what RQ would an individual be using an equal percentage of carbohydrates and fats?
0.85
What is the fate of pyruvate when there is no oxygen present?
acetyl-CoA
Isocitrate dehydrogenase is the allosteric enzyme for which pathway?
Krebs
What is the final electron acceptor in the ETC?
oxygen
What supplement do athletes take to help delay fatigue of the phosphagen system?
Creatine
The concept that describes the shift in macronutrient substrate utilization as exercise intensity increases
The Crossover Concept
The phosphagen energy system provides energy until approximately when?
15s
What enzyme is not involved in glycolysis if starting with glyogen instead of glucose?
hexokinase
Stage 2 and Stage 3 of carb metabolism take place in what part of the cell?
mitochondrial Matrix
How many ATP are produced from a molecule of glycogen when oxygen is present?
31
What class of enzyme indicates the moving of phosphates?
Kinase
What energy system has the fastest ATP turnover rate (or produces ATP the fastest)?
Oxidative Phosphorylation
What enzyme catalyzes the conversion of pyruvate to acetyl-CoA?
Pyruvate dehydrogenase
How many protons are pumped through complex 4 in the ETC?
2
What type of feedback system is the phosphagen system?
Negative