Life
All living things, that we know of, are made of these--the smallest unit of life.
Cells
The basic unit of matter, its name comes from a Greek word meaning "Unable to be cut"
Atom
Because of water's unequal sharing of electrons, it is able to form this weak type of bond, giving water some of its unique properties. (Double points if you can name three of these properties)
Hydrogen bond (Cohesion, Adhesion, Heat Capacity, Universal solvent, etc.)
Chemists once believed that these carbon-based chemicals were fundamentally different from non-living matter. While the view has changed, the name stuck around.
Organic
Quaternary
Neogene
Paleogene
Cretaceous
Jurassic
Triassic
Permian
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Devonian
Silurian
Ordovician
Cambrian
Carboniferous
The ability to make more of something.
Reproduction
These three particles make up everything that we know of and can observe. Two (one charged, one not) are roughly the same size, the other (oppositely charged) is very, very small.
Proton, Neutron, and Electron
Any material that is composed of two or more elements or compounds that are not chemically combined.
Example: Water IS chemically combined (Hydrogen + Oxygen), but other things in the water (salt, gases, etc.) are not.
Mixture
Macromolecules are so big because they are made of repeating patterns of these smaller, but important, building blocks--literally meaning "One part".
Monomer
Same thing, different terms.
These types of faults are also these types of plate boundaries; name all three pairs!
Normal - Divergent
Reverse - Convergent
Strike Slip - Transform
All living things reproduce imperfectly, producing changes over time. This overall process is called...
Evolution
Elements are chemical substances made of one kind of atom. Living things require different elements to make up the various compounds needed to survive, however, 99% of the mass of all living things are composed of just these SIX elements.
Calcium, Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen, Phosphorus
A scale devised by chemists to measure the concentration of H+ ions in a solution. A solution gets stronger the further away from 7 it gets.
pH scale
It's in the name! Composed of Carbon, Hydrogen, and Oxygen, these compounds build body structures, and as a source of energy--can be quite sweet tasting!
Carbohydrates (Sugars)
A measurement of how much energy is being used to do the actual work desired, rather than other things--like produce heat.
Example. LED lights are way better at this than old (and really hot) incandescent bulbs.
Efficiency
Homeostasis, a fancy word meaning to...
Maintain a stable internal environment.
This particularly strong bond type requires an electron to be moved from one atom to another, giving them attractive charges. Salt is held together by this type of bond.
Ionic
B-B-Biological systems cannot hand great changes. These "weak" substances prevent great chemical changes in the bodies of organisms.
Buffer
Oil and water don't mix. That's because water is a polar molecule, while oil and fats belong to this group of non-polar macromolecules.
Lipids
This technique allows for the creation of organisms with novel traits that couldn't be bred to produce. However, whether its primates or dinosaurs, movies have shown that tampering with genes of organisms in this way can have unexpected consequences.
Genetic engineering
All living things, that we know of, possess this chemical. It is used transfer information from one generation to the next. (Double points if you can say the whole thing)
Deoxyribonucleic acid
This type of bond requires atoms to share electrons, and not always evenly as we've discussed with water.
Covalent
A solution is basic if it has a pH greater than 7. What is the other term for such "A" solution?
Alkaline
Made of long chains of amino acids, these complex macromolecules serve many purposes within cells (control chemical reactions, regulate processes, transport substances, form structures, fight disease).
Proteins
Genetics, Natural Selection, Continental Drift; provide the first and last names all three scientists who came up with these theories. (Double points if you can name a fourth)
Genetics - Gregor Mendel
Natural Selection - Charles Darwin (Alfred Wallace)
Continental Drift - Alfred Wegener