Basic Chemistry
Acids & Bases
Organic Chemistry
Carbs, Proteins & Lipids
Nucleic Acids
100

What are the three physical states in which matter is found on Earth?

What are solid, liquid, and gas?

100

This scale measures how acidic or basic a solution is.

What is the pH scale?

100

This element is the backbone of all organic molecules.

What is carbon?

100

These are the simplest form of carbohydrates and cannot be broken down into smaller sugars.

What are monosaccharides?

100

These are the two types of nucleic acids.

What are DNA and RNA?

200

This is the smallest unit of matter that retains the properties of an element.

What is an atom?

200

A substance with a pH of 7 is considered to be this.

What is neutral?

200

This simple organic compound consists of one carbon atom and four hydrogen atoms.

What is methane?

200

This is the main monosaccharide used as fuel in cellular work

What is glucose?

200

This type of bond forms between the sugar of one nucleotide and the phosphate of the next.

Answer: What is a covalent bond?

300

What are the three subatomic particles that make up an atom?

What are protons, neutrons, and electrons?

300

A compound that donates H+ ions to a solution is called this.

What is an acid?

300

This process is the opposite of a dehydration reaction, breaking polymers by adding water.

What is hydrolysis?

300

This disaccharide is the main carbohydrate found in plant sap.

What is sucrose?

300

The sugar in RNA is this, which differs from the sugar in DNA.

Answer: What is ribose?

400

This number is the sum of protons and neutrons in an atom.

What is the mass number?

400

A compound that takes away H+ ions to a solution is called this.

What is a base?

400

This type of reaction links two monomers together and removes a molecule of water.

What is a dehydration reaction?

400

Proteins are made of these monomers, linked by peptide bonds.

Answer: What are amino acids?

400

This nitrogenous base in DNA pairs with thymine.

Answer: What is adenine?

500

These substances consist of two or more elements in a fixed ratio, such as H2O or NaCl.

What are compounds?

500

Seawater becomes more acidic when this gas dissolves in it, contributing to ocean acidification.

What is Carbon Dioxide?

500

These groups of atoms are directly involved in chemical reactions in organic compounds.

What are functional groups?

500

This steroid is a key component of cell membranes and the base for producing hormones like estrogen and testosterone.

Answer: What is cholesterol?

500

This base in RNA replaces thymine, which is found in DNA.

Answer: What is uracil?