Random
Anything below 7.0 on the pH scale
Acid
Negative ions that are formed by gaining electrons
Anions
A substance capable of dissolving another substance
Solvent
This functional group contains one carbon and three hydrogens. (-CH3)
Methyl
They are composed of two fatty acids and the third carbon of the glycerol backbone is bound to a phosphate group.
Phospholipids
All have four, linked carbon rings and several of them, like cholesterol, have a short tail. Functional groups determine function.
Steroids
This is the number of protons plus the number of neutrons.
Atomic mass
A substance readily forms hydrogen bonds with water and it can dissolve in water ("water-loving") meaning it is...
Hydrophilic
Have a double bonded oxygen and hydroxyl on the same carbon. Ex: Acetic acid
Carboxyl
When the hydrocarbon chain contains a double bond (forms a kink), the fatty acid is...
Unsaturated
Diet that does not include all 8 essential amino acids.
Incomplete protein
Different forms of the same element that have the same number of protons, but a different number of neutrons.
Isotopes
The lattice structure of ___ makes it less dense than the freely flowing molecules of ___ water.
Ice, liquid
Complex, made of phosphorus, oxygen, and hydroxyls (PO4).
Phosphates
Macromolecules that are essential for our diet. Classified into three subtypes: monosaccharides, disaccharides, and polysaccharides. Ex: grain, fruits, vegetables
Carbohydrates
This pattern can affect gene expression during life. Can be changed by diet and exercise. Any deviation can cause up regulation or down regulation.
Methylation patterns
This type of bond forms between two atoms of the same element or between different elements that share the electrons equally.
Non polar covalent
Water molecules are attracted to each other (because of hydrogen bonding), keeping the molecules together at the liquid-air (gas) interface
Cohesion
Called alcohols (OH). Ex: ethane
Hydroxyl
Built of sugar, phosphate, and nitrogenous base.
Nucleotide
Has 2 rings, adenine and guanine
Purines
A weak interaction occurs between the δ+ charge of the hydrogen atom of one molecule and the δ– charge of the other molecule.
Hydrogen bond
The more hydrogen ions present, the ___ the pH; conversely, the fewer hydrogen ions, the ___ the pH.
Lower, higher
Affects 3D shape of a protein (-SH). Ex: Amino acid cysteine.
Sulfhydryl
Protein