Atoms & Molecules
The four elements that make up 96% of living matter
What are carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen?
The basic unit of life.
What is the cell?
The process that halves chromosome number in gametes.
What is meiosis?
The molecule that cells use for energy currency.
What is ATP?
The term for a scientific explanation supported by evidence and widely accepted.
What is a scientific theory?
The type of bond formed when electrons are shared equally.
What is a nonpolar covalent bond?
The organelle responsible for ATP production.
What is the mitochondrion?
The phase of meiosis where crossing over occurs.
What is prophase I?
The process that breaks down glucose to pyruvate.
What is glycolysis?
The process that explains both unity and diversity of life.
What is evolution?
The property that determines whether a bond is polar or nonpolar.
What is electronegativity?
The theory that explains the origin of mitochondria and chloroplasts.
What is the endosymbiotic theory?
Mendel’s law that explains why alleles separate during gamete formation.
What is the law of segregation?
The enzyme that fixes carbon in the Calvin cycle.
What is rubisco?
The reason hypotheses must be testable and falsifiable.
What is so they can be evaluated by experiments?
The weak interaction that allows water molecules to stick together.
What is a hydrogen bond?
The pathway a protein takes to be secreted from the cell.
What is ribosome → ER → Golgi → vesicle → plasma membrane?
The term for genes located on the X chromosome.
What are X-linked genes?
The difference between exergonic and endergonic reactions.
What is exergonic releases energy, endergonic requires energy?
The mechanism that produces heritable variation in sexually reproducing organisms.
What are crossing over, independent assortment, and random fertilization?
The reason ice floats on water.
What is because ice is less dense due to hydrogen bonding creating a lattice structure?
The difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.
What is eukaryotes have membrane-bound organelles and a nucleus, prokaryotes do not?
The chromosomal error that leads to Down syndrome.
What is nondisjunction resulting in trisomy 21?
The role of oxygen in cellular respiration.
What is the final electron acceptor in the electron transport chain?
The difference between the everyday meaning of “theory” and its scientific meaning.
What is everyday = guess; scientific = well-supported explanation?