Chapter 1 (Evolution, Biology, Scientific Inquiry)
This word describes the shared characteristics of different organisms due to having a shared ancestor.
What is unity?
This type of bond results from the attraction between oppositely charged ions.
What is an ionic bond?
This type of bond forms between the oxygen and hydrogen atoms in a singular water molecule.
What is a covalent bond
These are large molecules made of C and H.
What are hydrocarbons?
This molecule is a building block of polysaccharides.
What is a monosaccharide/glucose?
This is the unit of evolution.
What is a population?
The capacity of an element to form covalent bonds with other elements to form compounds.
What is valence?
This type of bond forms between the slightly negative oxygen of one water molecule, and the slightly positive hydrogen of another molecule.
What is a hydrogen bond?
This molecule is made of three phosphate groups and adenine
What is adenosine triphosphate/ATP?
This is a chemical reaction that breaks bonds between two molecules by the addition of water.
What is hydrolysis?
This is the driving force behind the theory of evolution.
What is natural selection?
This type of molecular interaction enables geckos to climb walls—weak attractions between molecules due to local partial charges.
What are van der Waals interactions?
This is the energy (heat) needed to raise the temperature of 1 gram of water by 1 degree Celsius.
What is specific heat?
These substances produce a lot of energy when burned, and are examples of uses of hydrocarbons.
What is gasoline/stored fats in animals and plants
This large biological molecule is not a polymer, and therefore not technically a macromolecule.
What is a lipid?
There are three domains of life.
What are eukarya, bacteria, and archaea?
When the rate of the forward reaction is equal to the rate of the reverse reaction.
What is chemical equilibrium?
This term refers to a solution in which there are more hydronium ions than hydroxide ions
What is an acid?
These isomers are different due to the arrangement of atoms attached around two double-bonded carbons.
What are cis-trans isomers?
Tell the difference between purines and pyrimidines.
What are purines (adenine and guanine) and what are pyrimidines (cytosine and thymine)?
Shared ancestry resulting in similar characteristics between organisms, while also having accumulated differences from each other.
What is Descent with Modification
This number is calculated by knowing the number of protons or electrons (in a neutral atom).
What is the atomic number?
This emergent property of water allows water to freeze from the top down, is why ice floats, and how it creates a suitable environment for life below frozen bodies of water.
What is expansion/crystalline lattice/lower density
This hydrophobic chemical group contains sulfur and stabilizes protein structures.
What is a sulfhydryl group?
This protein structure is defined by the way polypeptide chains repeatedly fold or coil.
What is secondary structure?