Organization of the Body
Which term refers to the study of how an organ functions?
A. Anatomy
B. Physiology
C. Ecology
D. Homeostasis
Answer: B.) Physiology
The smallest unit of matter that enters into chemical reactions is the
A. molecule.
B. atom.
C. compound.
D. neutrino.
Answer: B.) Atom
Which of the following types of cells are anucleate when mature?
A. Liver cells
B. White blood cells
C. Erythrocytes
D. Skeletal muscle cells
Answer: C.) Erythrocytes
Which of the following is NOT a shape of epithelial tissue cells?
A. Unipolar
B. Squamous
C. Columnar
D. Cuboidal
Answer: A.) Unipolar
The epidermis and dermis make up the
A. serous membrane.
B. subcutaneous membrane.
C. integument.
D. hypodermis.
Answer: C.) integument.
A group of similar cells performing a specialized function is referred to as a(n)
A. tissue.
B. organ.
C. molecule.
D. system.
Answer: A.) Tissue
Which of the following subatomic particles are found in the nucleus of an atom?
A. Protons and electrons
B. Electrons and neutrons
C. Protons and shells
D. Neutrons and protons
Answer: D.) Neutrons and protons
Small structures that compartmentalize the cell for the various cellular activities are
A. nuclei.
B. organelles.
C. matrices.
D. mosaics.
Answer: B.) organelles.
What is the purpose of goblet cells found in columnar epithelium?
A. Secrete mucus
B. Secrete digestive enzymes
C. Secrete water
D. All apply
Answer: A.) Secrete mucus
In which layer of the epidermis are cells constantly dividing?
A. Stratum corneum
B. Stratum lucidum
C. Stratum dermis
D. Stratum basale
Answer: D.) Stratum basale
Arrange the following terms from the smallest to the largest: (1) cell, (2) organelle, (3) atom, (4) organ, (5) tissue.
A. 3, 2, 1, 5, 4
B. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
C. 5, 4, 3, 2, 1
D. 3, 1, 5, 4, 2
Answer: A.) 3, 2, 1, 5, 4
Which best describes an ion?
A. Contains an unequal number of electrons and protons
B. Contains a different number of neutrons
C. Contains more protons than neutrons
D. Contains equal numbers of protons, electrons, and neutrons
Answer: A.) Contains an unequal number of electrons and protons
The movement of protein molecules within the phospholipid bilayer is described by the
A. fluid mosaic model.
B. lipid mosaic model.
C. protein-lipid mosaic model.
D. cholesterol mosaic model.
Answer: A.) fluid mosaic model.
Which of the following is connective tissue?
A. Muscle
B. Nervous tissue
C. Glandular tissue
D. Cartilage
Answer: D.) Cartilage
158. Merkel cells detect sensations of
A. pain.
B. deep pressure.
C. touch.
D. temperature.
Answer: C.) touch.
Which term refers to structures located toward the back?
A. Inferior
B. Lateral
C. Posterior
D. Peripheral
Answer: C.) Posterior
Exactly 6.02 x 1023 atoms of any element is called one ____ of that element.
A. atomic mass unit
B. isotope
C. mole
D. mouse
Answer: C.) Mole
The rough endoplasmic reticulum is covered with
A. Golgi apparatus.
B. ribosomes.
C. lysosomes.
D. nucleoli.
Answer: B.) ribosomes.
What type of cartilage makes up the fetal skeleton?
A. Fibrocartilage
B. Hyaline cartilage
C. Elastic cartilage
Answer: B.) Hyaline cartilage
We constantly shed dead skin cells into the environment. From which epidermal layer do the cells shed?
A. Stratum corneum
B. Stratum lucidum
C. Stratum basale
D. Papillary layer
E. Stratum granulosum
Answer: A.) Stratum corneum
Appendicular refers to the
A. skull.
B. thorax.
C. legs and arms.
D. skull and thorax.
Answer: C.) legs and arms.
Molecules often form from
A. the shape of the individual atoms.
B. the attraction between electrons.
C. the sharing of electrons.
D. a drive toward solubility.
Answer: C.) the sharing of electrons.
Which cytoskeletal structure is involved in the movement of chromosomes during cell division?
A. Actin filaments
B. Intermediate filaments
C. Microtubules
D. Microvilli
Answer: C.) Microtubules
What type of cartilage makes up the intervertebral disks?
A. Fibrocartilage
B. Hyaline cartilage
C. Elastic cartilage
Answer: A.) Fibrocartilage
Which layer of the skin contains blood vessels AND nerve fibers?
A. Epidermis
B. Dermis
C. Epidermis and dermis
Answer: B.) Dermis
The arm is in which region?
A. Cephalic
B. Lumbar
C. Brachial
D. Pectoral
Answer: C.) Brachial
An anion is an atom or molecule that
A. is positively charged.
B. is negatively charged.
C. emits radioactive energy
Answer: B.) is negatively charged
The random movement of simple substances from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration is called
A. exocytosis.
B. filtration.
C. diffusion.
D. pumping.
Answer: C.) diffusion.
143. What type of epithelium is most conducive to simple diffusion?
A. Simple columnar
B. Pseudostratified columnar
C. Stratified squamous
D. Simple squamous
Answer: D.) Simple squamous
The hypodermis consists mostly of
A. adipose tissue.
B. dense regular connective tissue.
C. dense irregular connective tissue.
D. stratified squamous epithelium
Answer: A.) adipose tissue.
A disease that occurs suddenly and does not last a long time is considered
A. chronic.
B. local.
C. systemic.
D. acute.
Sudden but Short Duration Disease
Answer: D.) Acute
When one atom has a stronger attraction for shared electrons than the other atom, a(n) ___________ covalent bond is formed.
A. polar
B. nonpolar
C. ionic
D. metallic
Answer: A.) Polar
The term "tonicity" refers to
the effect of a solution on water movement into or out of cells.
the separation of one cell into two daughter cells.
the secretion of products outside of the cell through the plasma membrane.
the effects of filtration on a cell.
Answer: A.) the effect of a solution on water movement into or out of cells.
What type of epithelium is found in the urinary bladder and allows it to stretch and slide to create a barrier?
A. Simple columnar epithelium
B. Stratified squamous epithelium
C. Stratified cuboidal epithelium
D. Transitional epithelium
Answer: D.) Transitional epithelium
The arrector pili muscle
A. is a smooth muscle.
B. causes hair to "stand on end."
C. contracts when cold, forming goose bumps.
D. All apply
Answer: D.) All apply
The chest is which region?
A. Cephalic
B. Lumbar
C. Brachial
D. Pectoral
Answer: D.) Pectoral
The most abundant molecule in living organisms is
A. water.
B. glucose.
C. oxygen.
D. ammonia.
Answer: A.) Water
When a cell is placed into a(n) __________ solution, water enters the cell.
A. isotonic
B. hypotonic
C. hypertonic
Answer: B.) hypotonic
Which type of tissue binds and supports body parts?
A. Epithelium
B. Nervous
C. Connective
D. Muscular
Answer: C.) Connective
What type of skin gland secretes sweat?
A. Sebaceous gland
B. Sudoriferous gland
C. Ceruminous gland
D. Mammary gland
Answer: B.) Sudoriferous gland
The thigh is which region?
A. Femoral
B. Crural
C. Plantar
D. Palmar
Answer: A.) Femoral
Substances that dissolve in water are called
A. hydrophilic.
B. hydrophobic.
C. hydrophoric.
D. hydrochromic.
Answer: A.) hydrophilic.
When a cell is placed into a(n) __________ solution, crenation is possible.
A. isotonic
B. hypotonic
C. hypertonic
Answer: C.) hypertonic
What type of connective tissue is made of enlarged fibroblasts that are filled with fat, and provides insulation, padding, and energy storage?
A. Adipose tissue
B. Areolar connective tissue
C. Dense connective tissue
D. Aponeuroses
Answer: A.) Adipose tissue
Which type of skin gland becomes active with puberty?
A. Ceruminous gland
B. Apocrine sweat gland
C. Eccrine sweat gland
D. Both ceruminous and eccrine sweat glands.
Answer: B.) Apocrine sweat gland
The armpit is which region?
A. Acromial
B. Pectoral
C. Mammary
D. Axillary
Answer: D.) Axillary
A substance that dissociates in water, releasing hydrogen ions, is a(n)
A. salt.
B. base.
C. protein.
D. acid.
Answer: D.) Acid
The formation of a pocket of the plasma membrane to bring in solid materials is called
A. exocytosis.
B. pinocytosis.
C. phagocytosis.
D. facilitated diffusion.
Answer: C.) phagocytosis.
Which of the following connects muscles to bones?
A. Tendons
B. Cartilage
C. Adipose tissue
D. Ligaments
Answer: A.) Tendons
What is needed to produce vitamin D?
A. Calcium
B. Sebum
C. Ultraviolet light
D. Melanin
Answer: C.) Ultraviolet light
If a person has a sore in the oral cavity, where is it located?
A. Otic canal
B. Lower back
C. Mouth
D. Umbilicus
Answer: C.) Mouth
The pH of the blood is slightly basic. Which of the following describes this pH?
A. 6.4
B. 12.6
C. 4.7
D. 7.4
Answer: D.) 7.4
The material that is replicated prior to cell division is called
A. RNA.
B. protein.
C. DNA.
D. ATP.
Answer: C.) DNA.
Which of the following is the most common type of cartilage?
A. Hyaline cartilage
B. Elastic cartilage
C. Fibrocartilage
Answer: A.) Hyaline cartilage
Vitamin D is needed by the body to
A. form keratin.
B. absorb calcium from food.
C. make blood cells.
D. help the skin tan.
Answer: B.) absorb calcium from food.