Fetal development & Skull
FETAL AGE: Has periods of sleep and waking, with Rapid Eye Movement with blink-startle response; Responds to sound in external surrounding, Most organs are completed and functioning; enter viability
CHOOSE between: 23-27GA/ 21-25FA ;
wk 9GA/ 7 FA;
wks 15-18GA /13-16FA
23-27GA/ 21-25FA: viability 24wk
where is the Frontal suture located
between the frontal bones on the forehead (making the anterior 'kite-portion' of the anterior fontanelle
Name the 4 cephalic presentations (attitude)
flexed, military, brow, face
what does the fetal lie tell us?
the long axis of the fetus to the long axis of the pregnant person's spine (ex:, longitudinatl, transverse)
Verticomental diameter measure from what two distances on the fetal skull
the center of the mentum (chin), above the ear, to the prominence of the upper back of the skull
Time in fetal development when there is adequate surfactant, Ear cartilage is soft, Feet and hands showing more creases, firm grasp, flexed limb
CHOOSE between: wks 15-18GA /13-16FA;
wks 15-18GA /13-16FA;
wks 19-22GA/ 17-20FA
wks 36-40GA/ 34-38FA until birth
The membrane intersections, where the sutures and the skull bones meet
Anterior and posterior fontanelles.
Define fetal presentation
which part of the baby lies over the pelvic inlet
collection of blood on the fetal skull that does NOT cross suture lines and appears within 48 hours of birth is
cephalohematoma
Occipitofrontal diameter measures what distance of the fetal skull between these two bones?
What are the steps in the cardinal movements the baby makes to be born?
engagement, descent, flexion, internal rotation, extension, external rotation and explusion
caput succedaneum
swelling on the babies head from pressure on the cervix, present at birth and crosses suture lines
possible breech presentation
frank, compete (sometimes footling)
Bitemporal diameter measure what
temporal bones, (lateral most points of the coronal suture at the temples)
Suboccipito-bregmatic diameter measures between what two body structures?
the suboccipito (area at the lower back of the skull) to the bregam (anterior fontenelle)
denominator refers to
arbitrarily chosen point on the presenting part
the name of the portion of the pelvis where the baby enters
pelvic inlet
names of the bones on the side of the skull, and their most protruding point
parietal bones, eminence (Biparietal diameter is the measurement between these points)
Submentobregmatic diameter measures what
The anterior fontanelle measured down to the area under the chin by the neck
where is the Lamboidal suture located
between occiput and parietal bones (aligns to the posterior portion of the lambdoidal suture)
What is the occiput
skull bone at the back/posterior of the head (most common denominator for fetal position ex: LOP)
what is asynclitism
When the head is tilted, with more of one fetal parietal bone than the other, entering the pelvis first, moving the sagital suture towards the sacrum or pubic bone instead of the center of the pelvic inlet
what does fetal position tell us
The left/right, anterior/posterior location of the fetal denominator to the parents' pelvis
microcephaly.
condition where a baby's head is smaller than expected compared to babies of the same age and size; may be genetic or related to teratogen
Coronal suture is located between what skull bones
the frontal and the pariatal bones (aligns with the frontal portion of hte anterior fonalelle)