Chapter 12/13
Dideoxynucleotides are used in:
both Sanger and high-throughput sequencing at all times.
neither Sanger nor high-throughput sequencing.
high-throughput DNA sequencing but not in Sanger sequencing.
both Sanger and high-throughput sequencing, but not at all times.
Sanger sequencing but not in high-throughput DNA sequencing.
Sanger sequencing but not in high-throughput DNA sequencing
What is formed when any two branches diverge in a phylogenetic tree?
A node
The vegetable we know as the potato resulted from naturally occurring genome doubling within one species. In other words, the potato has twice as many chromosomes as the ancestor it was derived from. The potato could therefore be described as being the result of the process known as
autopolyploidy
Darwin’s finches on the Galápagos Islands have diverged primarily via _______ speciation, and they exhibit diverse morphologies owing to differences in _______.
allopatric; their diets
What are the six departments of engineering at the University of Iowa.
Biomedical Engineering
Chemical and Biochemical Engineering
Industrial and Systems Engineering
Civil and Environmental Engineering
Mechanical Engineering
Electrical and Computer Engineering
Which is a major difference between LINEs and SINEs?
LINEs make RNA copies of themselves, whereas SINEs do not.
SINEs make RNA copies of themselves, whereas LINEs do not.
SINEs are larger than LINEs.
Proteins sometimes are translated from LINEs but they never are from SINEs.
SINEs can move from place to place in the genome, whereas LINEs cannot.
Proteins sometimes are translated from LINEs but they never are from SINEs.
A molecular clock assumes that the genes used in an analysis
Which statement about synonymous mutations is true?
Which statement about oxygen and ancient Earth is true?
Early bacteria generated free oxygen as a by-product of the chemical splitting of water.
How many elevators are in the Seamans Center?
7
In functional genomics, biologists use sequence information to identify the functions of various regions of genomes. Which kinds of information could not be obtained from a genome sequence?
Repetitive DNA sequences usually evolve very quickly. Based on this fact, molecules that have a rapid mutation rate are used to study relationships among
very closely related species
In a sequence of DNA taken from various species of snails, researchers have found that the rates of nonsynonymous substitutions and synonymous substitutions are roughly the same. What can we infer from this pattern?
As compared to anaerobic metabolism, aerobic metabolism is advantageous to cells because it
harvests energy more efficiently
What room number is the Kitchenette, the room with the only public microwave in the Seaman Center?
3362
2329
1418
5012
2329
Various populations of a beetle species are examined over several generations. Initially, the populations are genetically distinct, but over time they become similar at a number of loci throughout the genome. What is the most likely reason for this decrease in genetic differentiation?
Gene flow
Consider five species of toads. Species A and B are sister species. Species C and D are also sister species. The clade containing species A and B is sister to the clade containing species C and D. Species E is sister to the clade containing A, B, C, and D. Not counting the root as a node, how many nodes would be found in a phylogenetic tree containing just species A, B, C, and D?
2
A gene family has been accumulating nucleotide substitutions at a rate of 0.25 substitutions per million years. On average, there have been 80 substitutions between the common ancestor of this gene family and each of the various living forms of this gene. How many substitutions are likely to have evolved between any pair of living forms of genes from this gene family?
160
The heat that drives plate tectonics comes from
chemical energy from bacteria
radiant energy from the sun.
radioactive decay inside Earth’s core.
List the four "pre-approved" BME focus areas.
_______ selection operates if individuals within a population with the smallest and largest body sizes have fewer offspring than those of average body size.
Stabilizing
Which event is least likely to occur after a gene duplication event?
Both genes become pseudogenes
Which statement about speciation is true?
What led to the mass extinction at the end of the Cretaceous period?
A meteorite striking Earth
List the four focus areas for Mechanical Engineering.