Cell Cycle
The stage of the cell cycle where the cell typical spends most of its life.
What is Interphase?
A multistep process of converting information from a gene into an RNA or protein product
What is Gene Expression?
A unit of information encoded in the sequence of nucleotide bases in DNA
What is a gene?
The final stage of mitosis
What is Telophase?
a mutation where one or more nucleotide bases are added into a DNA sequence.
What is insertion mutation?
The phase of the cell cycle where DNA is replicated
What is S phase?
A molecule that matches anticodons with mRNA codons to add amino acids to the polypeptide chain.
What is tRNA?
An allele type that a child must be to be affected by an autosomal recessive disorder
What homozygous recessive?
A process that is characterized by single-round asexual division that results in genetically identical diploid cells
What is mitosis?
a gene that, when mutated or abnormally activated, can promote cancer cell growth and proliferation.
What is an oncogene?
A checkpoint that assesses cell size, nutrient availability, and DNA integrity.
What is G1 Checkpoint?
A short and single strand of DNA or RNA that serves as an attachment point for DNA polymerase.
What is primer?
These are the possible phenotypes of children resulting from a cross between a colorblind male (XcY) and a normal (homozygous) female (XX).
What are all daughters will be carriers and have normal vision?
This occurs in Prophase I but not during Prophase II
What is the chromosomes swap segments of DNA (crossing over)?
Changes in this region cause changes in the amino acid sequence in the resulting protein
What is the exon region?
This process describes the division of the cytoplasm that follows mitosis, resulting in two separate daughter cells.
What is cytokinesis?
The type of bond that links the nitrogenous bases together between complementary DNA strand
What is hydrogen bond?
In a cross between a colorblind female (XcXc) and a normal male (XY), these are the expected phenotypes among the offspring.
What are all daughters will have be carriers with normal vision (XcX), and all sons will be colorblind (XcY)?
A phase where homologous chromosomes line up down the equator in pairs
What is Metaphase I?
The most common fatal genetic disorder in the United States caused by a deletion mutation
What is cystic fibrosis?
In plant cells, this structure forms during cytokinesis to separate the two daughter cells
What is the cell plate?
These are the purine nucleotide bases
What are adenine and guanine?
In a classic Mendelian monohybrid cross between two heterozygous pea plants this is the expected phenotypic ratio of the offspring
What is a 3:1 ratio?
This process reduces the chromosome number by half, resulting in haploid cells from an original diploid cell.
What is reductional division in meiosis?
These specific DNA lesions are formed when ultraviolet light causes covalent bonding between adjacent pyrimidine
What are pyrimidine dimers?