Carbo-hydrates
Lipids
Proteins
Nucleic Acids
Misc. Macromolecules
Macro Misc.
Carbon
100
Give an example foods high in carbohydrates.
potato, bread, pasta, glucose, sucrose, starch
100
What is the common name for lipids?
fats
100
What foods are proteins found in?
meats, peanuts, dairy
100
Nucleic Acids build....
DNA or RNA
100
What special lipid is found in the cell membrane? (It is made of a glycerol head and 2 fatty acid tails.)
phospholipid
100
What is one function of an enzyme?
speed up reactions
or
break down molecules
100
How many bonds does carbon form?
4
200
What is the main function of carbohydrates?
What is its energy storage?
1st energy source (short-term energy)
4 calories/gram
200
What is the main function of lipids?
What is its energy storage?
long term energy
9 calories/gram
200
What are proteins monomer?
amino acids
200
What is the monomer of a nucleic acid?
nucleotides
200
How are buffers helpful for the body?
They keep the drastic changes in pH from occurring when acids and bases are added. They help maintain homeostasis.
200
What makes carbon a unique atom?
It can bond with up to 4 different things.
200
What is the element that forms the backbone for life?
carbon
300
what is the basic structure of a carbohydrate?
usually ring structure 
300
What is the polymer of a lipid?
triglyceride
300
What is the energy storage of a protein?
4 calories/gram
They are usually a last resort for energy!
300
Nucleotides are made up of
a pentose sugar, a nitrogen base, and a phosphate group
300
What are 5 nucleotides found in DNA and RNA
adenine
guanine
thymine
cytosine
uracil
300
Molecules that contain carbon are called ___ molecules.
organic
300
how many double bonds can carbon form?
2
400
What is the monomer of carbohydrate?
monosaccharide
simple sugar
400
What is a secondary function of lipids?
cushion and insulate vital organs
400
What is the polymer of a protein?
polypeptide
400
What is the function of nucleic acids?
store genetic information
400
Structurally, what is the difference between DNA and ATP?
DNA has just 1 phosphate while ATP has 3 phosphates.
400
What makes proteins the most diverse macromolecule?
It has a very complex structure and its structure helps determine its function.
Primary structure, secondary structure, tertiary structure, and quaternary structure
400
What word do we use for molecules that are made up of carbon?
organic
500
What is the process called where you break apart a maltose molecule into two glucose molecules by adding water?
What is the process called where you add together two glucose molecules to make maltose and lose a water molecule?
hydrolysis
dehydration synthesis (dehydration reaction)
500
What is the monomer of a lipid?
What are 2 types of fats due to their structure?
fatty acids
Long chains 
Saturated fats - long straight chains single bonds
Unsaturated fats - long chains with at least 1 double bond - making it bent
500
How many amino acids are there?
What are the parts of an amino acid's structure?
There are 20 amino acids.
500
What is the energy storage of a nucleic acid?
What foods can you eat to get them?
0 calories/gram
No foods - you are born with these, you cannot eat foods to get them
500
What is adhesion?
water sticking to other things
500
What kind of bonds hold one amino acid to another?
peptide bonds.
500
Draw the Lewis dot structure of carbon
