Lipids
are probably the type of lipid that you’re most familiar with in your everyday life.
Fats and oils
are the major constituent of the plasma membrane
Phospholipids
What type of lipid is peanut oil?
An unsaturated fat
What macromolecule do these amino acids help build in the body?
Proteins
enzymes that affect the rate of reaction are called
catalytic enzymes
These fats are also called_________because they have three fatty acids.
triglycerides
has both hydrophobic and hydrophilic regions.
A phospholipid
Bears that hibernate in the winter rely on what function of lipids to allow them to not eat for several months?
Storage of energy
The unique three-dimensional structure of a polypeptide is known as
its tertiary structure.
enzymes that build more complex molecules from their substrates are called
anabolic enzymes
are saturated with hydrogen; in other words, the number of hydrogen atoms attached to the carbon skeleton is maximized.
Saturated fatty acids
are a class of macromolecules that are nonpolar and hydrophobic in nature.
Lipids
The main lipid component of plasma membranes are ________.
phospholipids
In nature, some proteins are formed from several polypeptides, also known as subunits, and the interaction of these subunits forms
quaternary structure.
Enzymes that break down their substrates are called
catabolic enzymes
Most unsaturated fats are liquid at room temperature and are called
oils
Fats are a stored form of energy and are also known as
triacylglycerols or triglycerides
________ are composed of a long chain of hydrocarbons to which a carboxyl group is attached.
Fatty acids
In sickle cell anemia, the hemoglobin β chain has a single amino acid substitution, causing a change in both the________________________
structure and function of the protein.
are produced by living cells, are catalysts in biochemical reactions (like digestion) and are usually complex or conjugated proteins.
Enzymes
is an organic compound with three carbon atoms, five hydrogen atoms, and three hydroxyl
Glycerol
is a type of steroid and is an important constituent of the plasma membrane, where it helps to maintain the fluid nature of the membrane.
Cholesterol
is a globular protein, but collagen, found in our skin, is a fibrous protein.
hemoglobin
an important component of the electron transport chain, a part of cellular respiration, and it is normally found in the cellular organelle, the mitochondrion.
Cytochrome c
If the protein is subject to changes in temperature, pH, or exposure to chemicals, the protein structure may change, losing its shape in what is known as
denaturation