Ecology
What kind of organism can do photosynthesis?
Plants (and algae/cyanobacteria)
The smallest "building block" of life
Cell
The movement of molecules from an area of high concentration of the molecules to an area with a lower concentration
Diffusion
What molecule carries genetic information?
DNA (and RNA)
The man known as "the father of evolution"
Charles Darwin
Give three examples of biomes
Tundra, desert, tropical rainforest, taiga, chaparral, coral reef, savanna, etc
Give three examples of organelles
Nucleus, mitochondria, rough ER, smooth ER, golgi body, lysosomes, vacuoles, chloroplasts
Name one of the four types of biological macromolecules
Lipids, proteins, carbohydrates, nucleic acids
Which letters represent the four bases of DNA?
A, T, G, and C
The variety of all life on Earth or in a given area
Biodiversity
What is the most abundant gas in the atmosphere?
Nitrogen (78%)
Name one difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells
Prokaryotic have no nucleus or membrane-bound organelles whereas eukaryotic cells have these
Cell division that results in genetically identical cells
Mitosis
What does "DNA" stand for?
Deoxyribonucleic acid
A branching diagram that shows evolutionary relationships between taxa is known as a:
Phylogenetic tree/cladogram
The number of living organisms an ecosystem can support is known as the:
One difference between plant and animal cells
Animal cells have centrosome and lysosomes
Plant cells have large vacuole, cell wall, and chloroplasts
What type of macromolecule are enzymes and what do enzymes do?
They are proteins that speed up chemical reactions
Cell division that results in genetically unique cells is known as:
Meiosis
A characteristic that is shared by all members of a taxon/clade and their common ancestor
Homologous character
The process of a body of water becoming a "dead zone" following nutrient pollution from farmland is called:
Eutrophication
The main type of energy molecule in cells
ATP
Proteins are built out of:
Amino acids
What causes a person to be born with an extra chromosome (such as people with Down syndrome)?
Nondisjunction, where anaphase does not occur correctly during meiosis
The key mechanism of evolution is __________, the process whereby organisms better adapted to their environment tend to survive and produce more offspring
Natural selection