bio
Why does the plasma membrane look the way it does?
Because the head is hydrophilic and the tail is hydrophobic so the tails stay in between the heads (staying away from water).
What is the function of the cytoskeleton?
to support network of long thin fibers to form a framework, movement of organelles inside the cell.
Explain Osmosis
osmosis is water molecules moving from high to low concentration through semi-permeable plasma membrane.
Give an example of an organism with eukaryotic cells and one with prokaryotic cells.
Eukaryotic- animals, humans
Prokaryotic- bacteria
How are facilitated diffusion and diffusion similar? How are they different?
different- facilitated is for charged and large molecules.
What is the function of the smooth ER?
make lipids, helps detoxication
What makes active transport different from passive transport?
active transport requires energy, passive does not.
What are the 3 parts to cell theory?
All living things are made of cells
cells are the basic unit of structure/function in living things
all cells are produced from existing cells
Explain what the plant cells have that animal cells do not.
plant cells have cell wall and plastids
What is the outer-covering of the cell? what is it made of?
plasma membrane
made of lipids and proteins.
Where is the nucleolus and what is made there?
In the center of the nucleus and makes RNA
Explain the three processes of movement in the cell.
Osmosis- diffusion of water molecules from high to low concentration
Diffusion- movement of molecules from high to low concentration.
Facilitated diffusion- movement of charged/large molecules from high to low concentration.
After proteins are made in the ribosomes and modified by the rough ER, what organelle will package and send the protein off?
golgi apparatus
What is the function of the rough ER?
Make protein synthesis.
What are the differences and similarities between the prokaryotic and eukaryotic cell.
Eukaryotic has a nucleus and prokaryotic doesn't
similarities- they both have a plasma membrane, cytoplasm, ribosomes.
nucleus
biggest organelle in the cell
cells managing structure
contains DNA
Explain what animal cells have that plant cells do not
animal cells have lysosomes and centrioles
what is cytoplasm?
jelly like substance, helps movement of cells and gives cell it's shape
what does semi-permeable mean?
Allows some things into cell and doesn't allow other things.
Nondisjunction in the 23rd chromosome results in down-syndrome. This means in the cell division process, there is a malfunction. Which organelle is most likely causing this?
centrioles (in charge of cell division)
What does the mitochondria create?
chemical energy(ATP), cellular respiratory, cellular energy.
When the cell wants to store resources, it is sent to the
___________ and when it wants to move the resource around the cell and body it is sent to a __________.
vacuoles stores
vesicles transport
A patient presents with high hydrogen peroxide levels in the blood, which organelle is malfunctioning?
peroxisomes
What is cell wall made of?
cellulose
nuclear membrane
acts as a barrier, separates nucleus from cytoplasm