scientific method
biomolecules can be massive, and so they are often called
macromolecules
is often called survival of the fittest
Natural Selection
What do you call a nitrogen atom that gains a proton?
oxygen
a pair of equal and oppositely charged poles separated by a distance
Dipoles
are molecules that have the same molecular formula chemical symbols and subscripts indicating the numbers of atoms in a molecule or compound but different structures
Structural Isomers
is a small molecule that can react with other molecules to form larger polymer chains
monomer
is where 2 organisms with desirable traits are bred together to merge those traits together
Artificial Selection
arrangement of the chemical elements
periodic table
a separation of charge leading to a molecule having a dipole with a negatively charged end and a positively charged end
Polarity
Polymers are broken down into monomers using
hydrolysis
is a type of chemical bond where two atoms share a pair of electrons
covalent bond
are made up of DNA and found in the chromosome
Gene
number of protons in the nucleus of an atom
atomic number
a weak bond characterized by a partially positive hydrogen on one molecule and a partially negative atom such as fluorine, oxygen, or nitrogen on another molecule.
Hydrogen Bond
Carbohydrates are polymers called
polysaccharides
is a chemical reaction where a molecule of water breaks one or more chemical bonds in another molecule
hydrolysis
a change in a gene that occurs in the chromosome
Allele
substance formed when 2 or more elements are combined together
compound
water-fearing
hydrophobic
monomers are joined using dehydration reactions to form bonds called
glycosidic linkages
are polymers called polysaccharides made from subunit monomers called monosaccharides
Carbohydrates
an observable trait in an organism like hair color
Phenotype
chemical principle that states that atoms tend to bond in a way that each atom has 8 electrons in its valence shell
octet rule
are made up of polar covalent bonds and contain full or partial charges, making them
Hydrophilic functional group
is used by animals to store glucose in liver and muscle tissues.
Glycogen