Carbohydrates
What is the most basic subunit?
Monomers or monosaccharides.
What is the most basic unit?
Monomer or nucelotide
What can affect the shape of the protein?
Temperature, salinity, and pH.
Are they hydrophobic or hydrophilic?
They are hydrophobic.
What bonds exist between amino acids?
Peptide bonds.
Which carbohydrate do crustaceans use for structural support?
Chitin.
What are all the nitrogenous bases for DNA?
Adenine, thymine, guanine, and cytosine.
What is their monomer?
Amino acids.
What is the difference between a saturated and unsaturated fat?
A saturated fat doesn't have any double bonds while a unsaturated fat does.
What groups are peptide bonds between?
Carbonyl and amino group.
What are the three types of sugars?
Monosaccharides, Disaccharides, and Oligosaccharides.
What components of nucleotide form a reaction in order to polymerize nucleotides?
A sugar and a phosphate groups.
What determines the function of an amino acid?
The R group.
What is the function of cholesterol?
It can build healthy cells due to the contribution of phospholipids.
What bonds do secondary structures rely on?
What are the two polysaccharides that are used for storing energy?
Starch and glycogen.
How many bonds occur between cytosine and guanine?
3 or three.
How does a peptide bond form?
Hydrolysis reaction between carbonyl group and amino group, which allows for binding between nitrogen and carbon.
What vitamins are fat soluble?
Vitamins A, D, E, and K.
What are the two types of interactions or bonds that exist between nonpolar groups?
Van der waals interactions and london dispersion forces.
What can some herbivores do that we cannot do?
Break down cellulose for energy.
What are the two other types of nucleotides other than DNA?
ATP and cAMP
What are attractions that happen in the tertiary and quartenary structures?
Ionic, covalent, and nonpolar interactions.
What type of fatty acids can exist as a solid at room temperature?
saturated fatty acids.
What amino acid does the disulfide bond have?
Cysteine or SH groups.