Energy & Matter Exchange in the Biosphere
These organisms form the base of food chains by producing their own food.
What are autotrophs?
This scientist proposed evolution by natural selection.
Who is Charles Darwin?
This system absorbs nutrients and removes undigested food.
What is the digestive system?
This organelle is where photosynthesis occurs.
What is the chloroplast?
Name TWO pieces of evidence that support evolution.
What are fossils and DNA similarities?
What is the steps in which energy moves thru the ecosystem
___-->____-->____-->____
Sun → producers → consumers → decomposers
Differences among individuals of the same species are called this.
What is variation?
These tiny projections in the small intestine increase surface area for absorption.
What are villi?
This molecule stores energy made during photosynthesis.
What is glucose?
What is used to measure blood preassure?
what is mmhg?
This model shows why top predators receive the least amount of energy.
What is an energy pyramid?
Structures with the same origin but different functions provide evidence for evolution.
What are homologous structures?
This blood vessel type allows gas and nutrient exchange.
What are capillaries?
This process releases energy from glucose to make ATP.
What is cellular respiration?
Explain why biomass decreases at higher trophic levels.
What is because most energy is lost as heat during metabolism and only a small amount is transferred to the next level?
This law of thermodynamics explains why energy is lost as heat during transfers.
hint: First or Second
What is the Second Law of Thermodynamics?
This type of isolation occurs when physical barriers separate populations.
What is geographic isolation?
This heart structure acts as the pacemaker.
What is the SA node?
This gas is required for aerobic respiration but released during photosynthesis.
What is oxygen?
Describe how oxygen moves from the lungs into the blood.
What is diffusion from alveoli into capillaries due to partial pressure gradients?
This biogeochemical cycle includes nitrogen fixation, nitrification, and denitrification.
What is the nitrogen cycle?
This evolutionary model includes long periods of little change and short periods of rapid evolution.
What is punctuated equilibrium?
This molecule provides energy for muscle contraction and relaxation.
What is ATP?
Write the word equation for photosynthesis.
carbon dioxide + water + light → glucose + oxygen
Explain the relationship between photosynthesis and cellular respiration.
What is photosynthesis stores energy in glucose and oxygen, which are then used in cellular respiration to produce ATP?