macromolecules
What biomolecule serves as a fast source of energy?
carbohydrates
What tool would be used to help scientists predict genetic conditions or ideal traits?
Punnett Squares
Modifies, sorts, and packages proteins to be shipped out in vesicles (looks like a WiFi signal)
This occurs when two organisms require the same limited resource.
Competition
The process by which water moves through the cell membrane to balance out a high concentration of solutes.
osmosis
What macromolecule is responsible for building, regulating, and maintaining your body?
Protein
Both organisms benefit from this type of symbiotic relationship.
mutualism
State the Central Dogma of Protein Synthesis
DNA --> mRNA --> Protein
Which organisms have the most available energy in a food pyramid?
Producers
What is the basic unit of life?
Cells
What carbohydrate is responsible for cell rigidity and structural support in plant cells?
cellulose
Describe commensalism.
A relationship where one species benefits from another species and that species is not harmed or helped.
movement of ions, and molecules across cell membranes without the need for energy input
passive transport (diffusion, facilitated diffusion, osmosis)
How much energy is passed on from one trophic level to the next?
10%
Are viruses living or nonliving? WHY?
Nonliving; cannot reproduce on their own, needs a host, etc. Living; does have DNA & evolves over time, etc.
Which type of lipid has a separate attachment on the head
The legs of crocodiles and cats have similar bone structures and develop in a similar way which indicates a common ancestor. What are these considered?
homologous structures
Which type of movement across a cell's membrane requires energy supplied by ATP?
Active transport
What is the definition of the carrying capacity of a population?
The largest population size that a natural environment can support over time without running out of resources
How does ATP become ADP?
break off the 3rd phosphate group
A DNA sequence has an unusually high melting temperature compared with another sequence of equal length. Assuming similar conditions, this sequence is likely enriched in what base pairs?
Guanine-Cytosine
Describe carbon dating
A scientific method that measures the radioactive decay of carbon-14 in organic remains to determine their age
Name 2 enzymes from the DNA replication process
Helicase, DNA Polymerase, Ligase, Primase, Topoisomerase, etc.
A population grows rapidly when its size is small, but as it approaches the environment's carrying capacity, its growth rate approaches zero. If the carrying capacity suddenly decreases because of a drought, what should happen to the population's maximum sustainable size?
The carrying capacity decreases because the environment can support fewer individuals with limited resources?
A person has a very low blood glucose level. Which hormone would the pancreas release to help increase blood glucose?
Glucagon