Structure & Function
Prokaryote or Eukaryote?
Cytoskeleton & Connections
Membrane Structure
Membrane Transport + Mix
100
What structure makes polypeptides?
Ribosomes
100
This cell has a membrane-bound nucleus. Which type?
Eukaryote
100
Which cytoskeleton component is made of actin and is the narrowest?
Microfilaments
100
Which part of a phospholipid is hydrophilic?
The head
100
What type of transport moves substances from high concentration to low concentration without using cellular energy?
Passive transport
200
This organelle is responsible for modifying, sorting, and packaging proteins and lipids for secretion or delivery to other organelles.
golgi apparatus
200
You observe a cell with DNA located in a nucleoid region rather than inside a nucleus. What type of cell is it?
Prokaryotic
200
Which cytoskeleton component is made of tubulin and forms structures involved in cilia and flagella?
Microtubules
200
A phospholipid is placed in water. Which part faces the water, and which part faces toward the center of the membrane?
The hydrophilic head faces the watery environment, while the hydrophobic fatty acid tails face toward the center of the membrane. The tails avoid water, which helps create the membrane's barrier.
200
What is 4 and 5
Stroma, Thylakoid
300
Often referred to as the powerhouse, this organelle is responsible for cellular respiration and the production of ATP
mitochondria
300
Animal Cell or Plant Cell
Plant Cell
300
Which type of junction creates a watertight seal between neighboring animal cells?
Tight Junctions
300
A membrane contains many cis-unsaturated fatty acid tails. Would you expect the membrane to be relatively more or less fluid?
More fluid, because the bends/kinks caused by the double bonds prevent tight packing.
300
A large polar molecule moves from high concentration to low concentration through a membrane protein. What type of transport is this?
Facilitated diffusion
400
This large organelle contains the cell's genetic material and controls many of the cell's activities.
Nucleus
400
What are the names of 5 and 13
nucleolus, lysosome
400
Two neighboring animal cells need to exchange ions and small substances directly. Which junction would help?
Gap Junctions
400
Which membrane component can help prevent phospholipids from packing too tightly at low temperatures?
Cholesterol
400
A cell cannot efficiently move vesicles from one part of the cell to another. Which cytoskeleton component is most likely affected?
Microtubules: they act as “highways” for movement within the cell.
500
Name 5 organelles that an animal cell have
Example Answer: Cell membrane, nucleus, cytoplasm, ribosomes, mitochondria
500
Give one similarity and one difference between a eukaryotic cell and a prokaryotic cell.
Similarity: Both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells have DNA, ribosomes, a cell membrane, and cytoplasm.
Difference: Eukaryotic cells have a nucleus, while prokaryotic cells do not.
500
A plant cell cannot communicate with a neighboring plant cell because the connections between their cell walls are blocked. What structure is affected?
Plasmodesmata
500
Two membranes have the same temperature. Membrane A has mostly long, saturated fatty acid tails. Membrane B has shorter, cis-unsaturated tails. Which would be more fluid, and why?
Membrane B, because shorter tails have fewer hydrophobic interactions and unsaturated tails have kinks that prevent tight packing.
500
A cell can no longer produce ribosomes properly because a structure inside its nucleus is damaged. What structure is affected?
The nucleolus: it assembles rRNA and ribosomal proteins used to make ribosomes.