Cell Tansport
What is homeostasis?
Maintaining internal balance
Are viruses considered living? Why or why not?
No; they cannot reproduce or carry out metabolism without a host
Write the chemical equation for photosynthesis.
6CO₂ + 6H₂O → C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂
What is the main difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?
Prokaryotic: no nucleus; Eukaryotic: nucleus
Which biomolecule provides quick energy for cells?
Carbohydrates
What is diffusion?
Movement of molecules from high to low concentration
What do viruses need in order to reproduce?
A host cell
Write the chemical equation for cellular respiration.
C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂ → 6CO₂ + 6H₂O + ATP
Which cell type has membrane-bound organelles?
Eukaryotic
Which biomolecule stores genetic information?
Nucleic acids (DNA/RNA)
Compare passive and active transport.
Passive: no energy, with gradient; Active: requires energy, against gradient
Compare the structure of a virus to the structure of a cell.
Virus: protein coat + nucleic acid; Cell: organelles, cytoplasm, membranes
Compare the energy flow in photosynthesis and respiration.
Photosynthesis stores energy; respiration releases energy
Compare DNA in prokaryotes and eukaryotes.
Prokaryotes: circular DNA in cytoplasm; Eukaryotes: linear DNA in nucleus
Compare the roles of proteins and nucleic acids in cells.
Proteins = structure, enzymes, transport; Nucleic acids = genetic information
How does osmosis affect plant cells in hypertonic and hypotonic solutions?
Hypertonic: cell shrinks; Hypotonic: cell swells
Describe how the lytic cycle spreads viral disease.
Virus injects DNA, replicates, bursts cell, spreads to others
How is matter conserved during photosynthesis and respiration?
Atoms are rearranged, not destroyed
How do ribosomes differ in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?
Prokaryotes: smaller ribosomes; Eukaryotes: larger ribosomes
Which biomolecule makes up cell membranes, and why is it important?
Lipids (phospholipids); create a selective barrier
Explain how transport of molecules across membranes helps maintain homeostasis.
Controls nutrients, gases, wastes to keep stable conditions
Compare and contrast the lytic and lysogenic cycles.
Lytic: immediate replication & cell death; Lysogenic: integrates into host DNA, later activates
Use a model to explain how energy is transferred in photosynthesis and respiration.
Sunlight → glucose (photosynthesis) → ATP (respiration)
Explain why prokaryotic cells can reproduce faster than eukaryotic cells.
Simpler structure, binary fission is quicker than mitosis
Explain how the structure of enzymes allows them to carry out their function.
Enzyme shape (active site) fits specific substrates; lock-and-key model