Building Blocks
Structure & Function of Cells vs. Viruses
Cellular processes
Animal Systems Interactions
Plant Systems Interactions
100
This biomolecule is the primary source of immediate energy for cells. One example is glucose, which is broken down during cellular respiration.
What is a carbohydrate?
100
They cannot replicate on their own. To reproduce, viruses must hijack (or use) the ribosomes and machinery from this.
What is a host cell?
100
The process shown here.
What is cellular respiration?
100
STAAR tests the interactions of animal systems in terms of what 4 contexts?
What are regulation, nutrient absorption, reproduction, and defense against injury or illness?
100
This tissue in plants transports water and minerals from the roots to the leaves.
What is xylem?
200
These biomolecules form the bilayer of cell membranes and allow the cell to maintain its structure and control what enters and exits.
What are lipids and carbohydrates?
200
Viruses consist of genetic material (DNA or RNA) surrounded by a protective protein coat.
What is a capsid?
200
The type of energy conversion that occurs during photosynthesis.
What is light/radiant/solar energy to chemical energy?
200
The interaction between two systems helps regulate blood glucose. The liver plays a key role in nutrient processing. The liver receives nutrient-rich blood from the small intestine, stores excess glucose as glycogen, and releases glucose back into the blood when needed to maintain blood sugar levels.
What are the digestive system and the circulatory system?
200
This tissue in plants transports sugars produced during photosynthesis from the leaves to other parts of the plant.
What is phloem?
300
These proteins speed up chemical reactions in cells and help regulate metabolic processes like digestion and energy production. It is specific to temperature and pH levels.
What are enzymes?
300
This is the primary structural difference that distinguishes prokaryotic cells from eukaryotic cells.
What is the absence of a membrane-bound nucleus/organelles (in prokaryotes)?
300
In the equation for photosynthesis, these two products are created when carbon dioxide and water are combined using light energy.
What are glucose and oxygen?
300
These two body systems interact when the hormone insulin, produced by the pancreas, regulates blood glucose levels by allowing cells to absorb glucose from the bloodstream.
What is the endocrine system and the circulatory system?
300
The process of pollination involves the transfer of pollen between which two structures, allowing fertilization to occur.
- A:
What is the stamen to the pistil?
(Will accept the anther to the stigma)
400
This type of biomolecule stores genetic information in the form of DNA and genes and is responsible for passing traits to offspring.
What is nucleic acid?
400
Name 4 structures found in both eukaryotic cells AND in prokaryotic cells.
What are the cell membrane, cytoplasm, ribosomes, and DNA?
400
This process requires oxygen and creates ATP in the inner membrane of the mitochondria.
What is CELLULAR RESPIRATION
400
A fever is considered an inflammatory response to an invasion by foreign particles like bacteria or viruses. Two systems interact through this response, where the body's temperature rises to fight infection.
What are the nervous system and the immune system?
400
These three systems work together to conduct water in a plant for photosynthesis.
The roots absorb water that travels up the xylem in the stem and is used in the leaves.
500
Enzymes act as a catalyst to speed up reactions. The are very specific and only attach to their substrate at this location.
What is the active site?
500
This theory explains that eukaryotic cells evolved from prokaryotic cells, and mitochondria and chloroplasts were once independent organisms.
What is the endosymbiotic theory?
500
The cyclic relationship between the matter that flows between photosynthesis and cellular respiration is explained by this law.
What is the Law of Conservation of Matter?
500
When you get a cut, multiple systems work together to prevent infection and promote healing. Name three systems involved and explain their roles.
The nervous system senses pain and triggers a response; the circulatory system increases blood flow to clot the wound and deliver immune cells; the immune system fights infection, and the integumentary system repairs damaged tissue.
500
Multiple plant systems and structures work together to allow plants to respond to light in their environment. Hormones, like auxin, are transported by vascular tissues between these two systems so that structures position the plant to optimize light.
What are the root and shoot systems?