Plant Structure and Growth
What are the organ system in plants?
Three types of plant tissue (from inside to outside)
Vascular, Ground, Dermal
What is the layer that covers the apical meristem of a root?
Root Cap
A plant that produces seeds that are enclosed in fruit.
Angiosperms
What type of tissue is associated with Xylem and phloem in stems?
Vascular
Leaves generally consist of a flattened blade and a stalk called the ________, which joins the leaf to a node of the stem
Petiole
It is the plant tissue that is responsible for the transport of sugars and other organic compounds.
Phloem
What is secondary growth?
Secondary growth refers to the increase in the thickness or girth of a plant, primarily due to the activity of the vascular cambium and cork cambium. This type of growth occurs in woody plants and results in the formation of secondary xylem (wood) and secondary phloem.
What are the male reproductive parts of a flowering plant?
Anther and Filament
It occurs when one sperm cell fuses with the egg to produce a zygote, and the other sperm cell fuses with the two polar nuclei to make the endosperm.
Double Fertilization
These are specialized underground plant structures that store nutrients and carbohydrates, enabling plants to survive periods of unfavorable conditions and support growth, flowering, and reproduction.
Storage Roots
It is primarily responsible for the transport of water and minerals from the roots to other parts of the plant.
Xylem
Which meristematic tissue is responsible for secondary growth?
lateral meristem
What are the female reproductive parts of a flowering plant?
Stigma, Style, Ovary, Ovule
The pollen grain contains two cells, what are those?
generative and tube cell
It is a type of modified stem that grows horizontally beneath the soil surface.
Rhizomes
In which types of plants or plant organs is collenchyma typically found?
Collenchyma is typically found in young, growing stems, petioles, and leaf stalks of herbaceous plants, as well as in the stems of some woody plants.
What role does the apical meristem play in the growth and development of plants?
The apical meristem is responsible for primary growth in plants, allowing for the elongation of stems and roots. It produces new cells that contribute to the formation of leaves and flowers, enabling the plant to grow taller and develop new structures.
Give 2 examples of a complete flower.
Hibiscus, Rose, Tulips, Pea Plants
What type of tissue is associated with cortex in roots?
Ground
What type of specialized root does the rubber tree have?
Prop Root
What is the primary function of sclerenchyma?
The primary function of sclerenchyma is to provide structural support and strength to plants.
What role does the vascular cambium play in secondary growth?
The vascular cambium plays a crucial role in secondary growth by producing new layers of vascular tissue.
Annual rings in wood are evidence that in climates with a single annual growing season, the vascular cambium divides actively when water is plentiful and temperatures are suitable for growth, and ceases to divide when water is scarce and the weather is cold.
What are the steps of the angiosperm life cycle?
Pollen lands on the stigma = pollination
One haploid nucleus of pollen grain forms the pollen tube. The other haploid cell forms 2 sperm nuclei.
The sperm travels down the pollen tube.
One sperm fertilizes the egg and the other joins with the 2 polar nuclei.
A triploid (3n) endosperm forms.
Each ovule becomes a seed and the surrounding ovary grows into a fruit.
Seeds get dispersed.
Seed germinates, and the cycle starts over.
What is the collective term for the group of petals?
Corolla