This common metabolic pathway begins the process of breaking down sugars
What is glycolysis
100
This is the name of a chemical that KILLS bacteria
What is a bacteriocidal agent
100
This is the name of the process by which bacteria divide
What is binary fission
100
By noticing mold growing on his petri dish, Alexander Fleming discovered this antibiotic in 1929
What is penicillin
100
Highly infectious viruses and nosocomal infections are often transmitted via this route
What is a fomite or inanimate object
200
This biological process uses CO2, H2O and sunlight to synthesize sugar
What is photosynthesis
200
This method of sterilization is the best choice for something that would be destroyed by heat
What is membrane filtration
200
Replication of the bacterial chromosome begins at this site
What is the origin of chromosomal replication or the oriC
200
These antibiotics are structurally similar to penicillin and have the same mode of action
What are cephalosporins
200
This very important phagocytic cells is also considered a professional antigen presentiation cell and expresses several TLRs on its cell surface.
What is a macrophage
300
This type of inhibition occurs when an inhibitor molecule binds to the active site of the enzyme, thereby preventing the binding of a substrate.
What is competitive inhibition
300
This value is defined as the time required to kill 90% of a specific population of microbes.
What is the D value?
300
The strand of DNA that serves as the template for RNA synthesis
What is the (-) minus-strand
300
This antibiotic acts by binding to bacterial ribosomes and blocking protein translation
What is tetracycline
300
These antigen presentation molecules are designed to bind viral peptides for presentation to CD8+ T cells and are important to tissue typing
What are MHC class I molecules.
400
This molecule is not an end-product of fermentation
What is pyruvate or pyruvic acid
400
This term is used to refer to a disinfectant used specifically on the skin
What is an antiseptic
400
In the promoter of an operon, the place where the repressor binds
What is the operator
400
This is the tragic result of the over use of antibiotics over the past 50 years in the US
What is antibiotic resistance
400
Infection with this virus results in a latent and persistent infection that can potentially develop into Burkitt's lymphoma
What is Epstein-Barr virus
500
In this type of respiration, oxygen is the terminal electron acceptor
What is aerobic respiration
500
Although widely used to kill many viruses and bacteria, this solution does not kill bacterial endospores.
What is 70% ethanol
500
These molecules bind to the RNA polymerase holoenzyme to increase specificity for a promoter region
What are sigma factors
500
This potentially deadly strain of bacteria is rapidly spreading in hospitals, schools and day cares centers, and is becoming increasingly more resistant to antibiotics.
What is MRSA, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus
500
This strain of influenza is responsible for the death of millions of people in 1918.