Charles Darwin
What are the organisms that darwin studied?
Finches and Tortoises
What is Evolution?
The process by which organisms have developed and diversified over time
Who is the Father of Genetics?
Gregor Mendel
What is a group of organisms that can breed with each other and produce fertile offspring?
Species
What island did Charles Darwin research?
The Galapagos Islands
What is the evidence for Evolution? (Name 2)
Homologous structures, Analogous structures, Vestigial structures, Fossil Record, Embryonic Development, Similarities in DNA
What is a phenotype?
Physical Characteristics of an organism, (what we physically see)
What is a species dies out?
Extinction
True
How is Natural Selection described?
How populations change over time
Certain traits that give an organism an advantage can be passed on to other generation
What is it called by passing on of genetic Characteristics from one generation to the next?
Heredity
What is a Cladogram?
Branching patterns tell us the degree of relatedness between different species
What would be the ideal class pet?
Dog obvi
What are Darwin's 4 main Ideas
1. Variation in Populations
→ color, height. weight, # of limbs, # of eyes
2. Inherited Traits
→ traits passed from parents to offspring determine characteristics
→ traits that increase chance of survival are more likely to be passed on
3. Competition for Resources
→ struggle for resources determines the mortality rate within a species
4. Natural Selection
→ survival of the fittest
Where is a gene found on DNA (Chromosome) ?
Locus
Populations evolve and become more diverse is apart of what?
SPECIATION
Types of Natural Selection?
1. Directional
– some individuals are selected for, some against (giraffes with longer necks get more food and live)
2. Stabilizing
– average is best adapted (size of human babies)
3. Disruptive
– extremes do better (really dark peppered moths survived)
Microevolution vs. Macroevolution
Microevolution: happens on a small scale
(within a single population)
Macroevolution: large scale evolutionary change that takes place over long periods of time
What carries two copies of the same allele (Same, Same)
Homozygous
What are the uses of genetic engineering?
Health and medicine:
Disease prevention and treatment, diagnostics & medical research
Genetic testing: Alzheimer gene, breast cancer gene,
Personal Identification:
DNA fingerprinting
Forensic science